Nó de transporte e lugar: dilemas, desafios e potencialidades para o desenvolvimento de um hub urbano de mobilidade

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Baiardi, Yara Cristina Labronici
• Orientador(a): Alvim, Angélica Tanus Benatti , Schröder, Jörg
• Banca de defesa: Castro, Luiz Guilherme Rivera de , Souza, Carlos Leite de , Nigriello, Andreína , Silva, Fernando José Silva e Nunes da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Arquitetura e Urbanismo
• Departamento: Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (FAU)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: mobilidade; dilemas espaciais; meios de transporte; estação de metrô
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO::PROJETO DE ARQUITETUTA E URBANISMO::PLANEJAMENTO E PROJETO DO ESPACO URBANO
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/25884

This thesis investigates the spatial dilemmas between a Transport Node and a Place in the city of São Paulo, based on the case studies of the Pinheiros, Faria Lima and Corinthians-Itaquera stations. It is assumed that the stations with high-capacity (subway and/or railway) are at the same time a TRANSPORT NODE, due to the connections between two or more lines of the same system, and a PLACE, articulating flows, people, activities, and the urban dynamics in its surroundings. In this scenario, the station area may be the basis of spatial tensions, but also can be considered a strategic point for the urban structuring and spatial transformation of a territory, a Mobility Urban Hub (MUH). Thus, MUH is understood as the “inter-place” that interconnects simultaneously several urban scales and modes of transport without spatial ambivalence, concentrating and generating multiple activities and urban functions, while articulates several public and private agents. The hypothesis of the research is that some stations of São Paulo’s subway rail system, although strategic to the city, did not overcome the spatial dilemmas between node and place due to the lack of urbanistic instruments that articulate the different urban scales. As a result, reinforce spatial ambivalences, as well as they waste the opportunity to become a MUH consistent with the new flow imposed by today’s urban dynamics. The categories considered as crucial for the understanding of the concepts that guide the research, NODE-PLACE- URBAN INSTRUMENTS, are discussed for the understanding of the spatial relationships established between, articulated in the three urban scales: Macro, Intermediate, and Local. In the first part of the thesis is built a spatial analysis method in the areas of the stations as well as the definition of the concept MUH. The second part shows two reference projects in Europe: the Stratford Station (London) and the Central Station of Utrecht (The Netherlands). The analysis of these projects seeks to validate the categories defined in the previous part, and to identify strategies for the development of the MUH. In the last part, the spatial dilemmas and challenges are evaluated in the case studies in São Paulo seeking to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show, on one hand the ambivalences and spatial challenges between NODE, PLACE, and URBAN INSTRUMENTS among the three urban scales. On the other hand, there is a set of project recommendations aimed at potentiating station areas as a MUH.