Ferrovias turísticas no Brasil: relações entre a infraestrutura ferroviária e o território

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: D' Agostini, Fernanda Figueiredo
• Orientador(a): Abascal, Eunice Helena Sguizzardi
• Banca de defesa: Righi, Roberto , Campos Neto, Candido Malta , Zioni, Silvana Maria , Schicchi, Maria Cristina da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Arquitetura e Urbanismo
• Departamento: Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (FAU)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: ferrovia; desenvolvimento local; turismo; projeto urbano; políticas públicas
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL::METODOS E TECNICAS DO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/26539

Railways are elements that, throughout their implementation and consolidation, have permanently impacted the urban design of Brazilian cities, as they were strategic points of connection between territories, boosting socioeconomic development. With the lack of investments and scrapping of railways, privatization has now become an alternative for the maintenance and operation of railroads, reducing its use as an alternative to transport passengers and transforming them into corridors for the cargo flow. This situation contributed to the fact that the areas along the railroad were transformed into degraded areas and empty urban areas, but the railway assets and their infrastructure, trains, railway stations and their surroundings are resources capable of claiming the cultural and historical values of municipalities, with the potential to stimulate tourism at the urban and regional levels, contributing to the socioeconomic development of these areas. The theme of this research comprehended the relations between brazilian tourist railways and the national territory, within a temporal cut from 1990 to 2018. The problem that motivated this research stems from the different degrees of influence exerted by the presence of this modality of transportation in the urban and regional planning of the municipalities served. The objective is to explain how the tourism activity associated to the railroad can contribute or not to local or regional development, based on the definitions of the National Tourism Plan and the Regional Tourism Plan, which establishes the tourist activity as an inductor of these types of development; in addition to analyzing the public policies applied to territorial development and railways through the establishment of evaluation criteria/indicators. The hypothesis that guides this research is that the type, the management model and the policies through which the municipalities integrate the tourist railways to their planning condition the results of a possible articulation or disarticulation between the railroad and tourism with the local and regional territories. If public policies that promote tourism and railways are not adopted, there will be no incentive for the socioeconomic development of the municipalities, characterizing an obstacle to territorial configuration through integrated actions. The consequences of linking tourism to railways as part of the planning and molding of the local or regional territory, or even their total detachment, are demonstrated in the case studies which show that the conditions and means endowed with planning do not satisfy the deflagration of favorable socioeconomic and environmental relations to the municipalities from the tourist railways, since the possible forms of integration to induce a local development are not applied.