Interação polímero-grafeno: um estudo sobre biodegradação

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Maldonado, Luiz Felipe
• Orientador(a): Fechine, Guilhermino José Macêdo
• Banca de defesa: Pedrotti, Jairo José , Barros, Janaína Aline Galvão
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Engenharia de Materiais
• Departamento: Escola de Engenharia Mackenzie (EE)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: biodegradação; grafeno; transferência direta a seco
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/24233

Were studied the biodegradation of the films of poli (butylene adipate-teraphtalate) - PBAT and Low Density Polietilene - LDPE with and without addition of graphene on the surface through simulated soil compostable for 180 days. The polymer films were prepared by hot compression with graphene transfer by the technique of "Direct Dry Transfer" or Direct Dry Transfer. After the different times of soil compostation, were analyzed visual aspects, mass loss, molar mass (size-exclusion chromatography), surface modifications (Contact Angle Assays e Atomic Force Microscopy - AFM) and structural chemical (Raman Spectroscopy). Also were evaluated the soil microbiology where the films was buried and your activity over the graphene obtained by the Technique of CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). The Pure PBAT was the more susceptible to the microbiological attack, suffering continuous mass loss since the beginning of the experiment. To the LDPE films, no changes were observed related to the biodegradation, which was expected, since this is an inert polymer to microbiological activity. The Raman Spectroscopy Analysis shows that the graphene keeps attached to the polymer even after 180 days of soil burial, besides of suffering some detachment or being partially consumed by the microorganisms. The presence of graphene has delayed the degradative process of the PBAT, delaying the mass loss and in the case of the LDPE, raised the attachment of soil residue, leading to a mass gain. The contact angle assays and AFM, showed some changes on the surface of the polymer. In the case of the PBAT, this happen because of the biodegradation process which has generated erosions and for the LDPE occurred an accumulation of solid residue on the surface. The values of the Free Surface Energy showed arising from the appearance of new chemical groups on the surface because of the polymer degradation or the formation of a biofilm. As for the inoculum, generated from the individual soil were the polymer were exposed, it can be seen that the bacteria were selected, generating differentiated bacterial colonies. The inoculum from the soil which was prepared with TSA (Tryptic Soy Agar) also had been used to indicate the presence or not of growth graphene over the copper foil, acting as an oxidant agent. These results open a possibility to uses the microorganism’s cultivation to quantify the graphene coverage in large areas, when it was produced by the CVD technique.