Digestibilidade de ingredientes proteicos e energéticos para o robalo-flecha (Centropomus undecimalis) e seus efeitos no perfil das enzimas digestivas

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: SILVA JÚNIOR, Reginaldo Florêncio da
• Orientador(a): CAVALLI, Ronaldo Olivera
• Banca de defesa: CORREIA, Eudes de Souza, SANTOS, Juliana Ferreira dos, BEZERRA, Ranilson de Souza, OLIVEIRA FILHO, Paulo Roberto Campagnoli de, BUARQUE, Diego de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Pesqueiros e Aquicultura
• Departamento: Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Centropomus undecimalis; Robalo-flecha; Digestibilidade; Nutriente
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS PESQUEIROS E ENGENHARIA DE PESCA
• Link de acesso: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7091

The massive growth of aquaculture and limited supply of fish meal, means that alternative sources of food need to be studied to make more sustainable industry. In this context, the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) eight ingredients used in the aquafeeds were determined in terms of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral contente (MM), phosphorus (P), gross energy (GE) and amino acids (AA) in juvenile common snook (Centropomus undecimalis) using chromium oxide as inert marked. The ingredients included fish meal (FM), shrimp meal (CM), poultry by-products (PBP), hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM), soybean meal (SM), corn gluten meal (CGM) wheat bran (WB) and maize (M). A reference diet (56.7%CP, 22.7 MJ/kg GE) was formulated in parallel experimental diets which included 30% of each ingredient and 70% of the reference diet. The results indicated that the ADC of nutrients and GE were affected (P <0.05) by the test composition ingredients. The CGM and HFM showed similar results (P> 0.05) in nutrients and GE. The digestibility DM ranges from 83% (SM) to 145% (CGM). The EE was well digested by fish with differences (P>0.05) among the ingredients. The smaller ADC MM were observed in the PBP (37%) and SM (28%) and difference (P<0.05) among the treatments. The ADC GE in the FM (118%) and SM (117%) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other ingredients for common snook. The ADC P were higher in all the ingredients. The ADC of AA reflected the digestibility of CP, and FM, SM, HFM and CGM greater than PBP, SM and M. The results of this study indicate high digestibility of protein and energy ingredients for juvenile C. undecimalis. However, the digestibility of mineral content to PBP, SM and M were significantly lower FM, CM, HFM, CGM, SM and WB, indicating the potential use of these ingredients in feed for this species. Thus, this study also investigated the effects of a commercial diet (I) and experimental on profile of digestive enzymes in C. undecimalis. The activities of peptidases, acid and alkaline, showed differences (P<0.05) between the fish fed the diets. The analysis differ (P<0.05) between treatments with greater intensity in the diets I, FM and HFM. In studies with trypsin, there is difference (P<0.05), with higher enzyme activity in fish fed diet I. Chymotrypsin showed higher proportion of enzymes in diets with protein ingredients, except for the PBP in relation to energy. Amylase, it was also high in protein ingredients except CGM. There was no difference (P>0.05) for specific activity of pepsin. The different ether extract concentrations in the diet REF and consequently in the other experimental diets, inhibited total alkaline proteolytic activities and trypsin in juveniles de common snook. The identification and characterization of acidic and alkaline proteases in fish digestibility studies is an important step in understanding the digestive mechanisms. The results of this thesis will allow the formulation of experimental and commercial diets based on digestible nutrients for juvenile common snook.