Caracteres morfológicos e produtivos da palma forrageira cv. miúda em diferentes sistemas de cultivo

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: OLIVEIRA, Cristiane Gomes da Silva
• Orientador(a): SANTOS, Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos
• Banca de defesa: LIRA JÚNIOR, Mário de Andrade, CUNHA, Márcio Vieira da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Departamento de Zootecnia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Adubação; Intensidade de corte; Semiárido; Palma forrageira
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Cutting intensity; Fertilizing; Planting density; Semiarid; Forage cactus
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6724

The cactus is a culture quite adapted to the climatic conditions of the arid and semiarid regions of northeastern Brazil. However, its production can be affected by several management factors, such as planting density, fertilizing, cutting intensity and other factors. The objective was to evaluate the morphological and productive characteristics of the forage cactus cv. (small) on different cropping systems. The assessments were performed in two experiments conducted at the Experimental Station José Nilson de Melo belonging to Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA), located in City of Caruaru-PE. In Experiment 1, the cactus cv (small) was cultivated under different planting densities and cutting intensities in randomized block design with a split-plot experimental arrangement, with four repeats, in the period from January to September 2014.The main plot was formed by planting densities (10,417; 20,833; 41,666 e 83,333 plants há-1) and the subplots, by cutting intensities (preservation of primary or secondary cladodes). In Experiment 1, was evaluated levels of organic and mineral fertilizing, in randomized block design with a split-plot experimental arrangement. The main plot was evaluated in terms of organic fertilizer levels of (0, 10, 20 e 30 OM t/ha/year) and subplots, for the nitrogen chemical fertilization levels of (0, 120, 240 e 360 kg N/ha/year) with four repeats from October 2013 to October 2014. In both experiments, the traits evaluated were height and width of the plant, number of cladodes per plant and per order, dimensions of cladodes (length, width, perimeter and thickness), productivity (DMP) t DM/ha-1year-1and the cladode area index (CAI). In experiment 1, greater heights (68.3 cm) and width (80.8 cm) were obtained in plants which cutting intensities based on the preservation of the secondary cladodes. Increased planting density caused a linear reduction in the number of cladodes per plant to the two cutting intensities tested. Increasing the evaluation period led to increments in the morphological characteristics of the spineless cactus. There were no effects (P <0.05) of the treatments for the number of primary cladodes. The higher plant density (83,333 plants ha -1) provided an increase in cladode area index and productivity. In experiment 2, there was no effect of nitrogen fertilization for the variables studied. The number of cladodes/plant ranged from 4.5 to 9.3 in the treatments with 0 to 30 t OM ha-1yr-1of organic fertilizer-1, respectively. The evaluation period also had a positive influence on the number of cladodes per plant. Increased levels of organic fertilization increased the number of primary cladodes quadratically. To the number of secondary cladode there was effect of interaction between organic fertilizer and evaluation period. The dimensions of the cladodes were positively influenced by the interaction between organic fertilizer and evaluation period. The organic fertilization with 30 t ha OM-1 yr-1 increased the height and width of the plant to 50.3 cm and 40.2 cm, respectively. Was observed CAI of 0.48 and 1.0 in the treatments with 0 to 30 t ha-1 OM y-1 respectively. For DMP was observed quadratic effect, with an increments in the production until the organic fertilization level of 20 t ha-1 yr MO-1, with 3.8 t DM / ha-1yr-1.