Emissão de compostos orgânicos voláteis na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro: impactos na qualidade atmosférica, tecnologias de controle e perspectivas de crescimento verde

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Vitor Maciel de Sousa
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Orientador(a): Souza, Simone Lorena Quitério de
• Banca de defesa: Corrêa, Sergio Machado , Martins, Eduardo Monteiro , Veiga, Lilian Bechara Elabras
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental
• Departamento: Centro de Tecnologia e Ciências::Faculdade de Engenharia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia ambiental; Compostos orgânicos; Ar - Poluição; Indústria de controle de poluição
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Environmental engineering; Organic compounds; Air - Pollution; Pollution control industry
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::CONTROLE DA POLUICAO
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/17816

Currently, the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) represents a major challenge in ensuring atmospheric quality in urban and industrial environments, whether due to the variety of species they comprise, the extent of emitting sources, their role in the formation of secondary pollutants, or the high toxicity of certain compounds. Taking as an object of study the concentrations of VOC in the neighborhoods of Bangu and Irajá, in Rio de Janeiro, the present work aimed to identify the most relevant emission sources for the phenomenon of atmospheric pollution in the region, analyzing the main deficiencies in the control of these emissions and proposing viable alternatives for their abatement. From the concentrations of VOC recorded in the study areas in previous works, analyzes were conducted using the method of receptor models, complemented by the method of emission inventories. Based on the profiles obtained, the toxicity and reactivity associated with each source were evaluated, and, in the sectors considered most relevant, a document research was performed, with a survey of notifications, records, and technical advice. In addition, a bibliographic survey was carried out, enabling the calculation of the eco-efficiency of the main VOC control technologies presented in the literature. Based on these results, alternative scenarios were proposed for the emissions control in the studied sources. In Bangu and Irajá, respectively, the Refining of Oil (II) and Petrochemical Complex sources had the highest average concentration values (28.88 µg m-3 and 56.00 µg m-3), in addition to the highest values in the normalized indices of toxicity (1, in both) and of reactivity (6 and 4.65). The document research found deficiencies in communication between the polluting sources and the environmental agency, in addition to recurrent irregularities in the monitoring and control of emissions, with a predominant absence of effective control measures. The eco-efficiency calculation identified the priority technologies for VOC emissions control, with biotrickling achieving the highest value in the indicator employed (8.51x10-8). The proposed alternative control scenarios pointed to thermal oxidation, biotechnologies, vapor recovery units and the installation of floating ceilings and seals as viable measures capable of reducing the emissions in the studied sources. For future studies, new samplings are recommended in the region, as well as the direct monitoring of emissions at their sources and the performance of dispersion studies, for a better understanding of the transport dynamics of pollutants and the evaluation of the effectiveness in the adoption of different control measures.