Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral
Ano de defesa: | 2003 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
|
Departamento: |
Química
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26804 |
Resumo: | Silicon is a non-metal essential to the living organisms due to its role in the tissues and bones. The most important biological forms of silicon are the amorphous silica and the monomeric silicic acid. Only the monomeric silicic acid is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Aluminum is an omnipresent element in the environment. Since the 70’s it has been related to some neurodegenerative diseases, mainly in endstage chronical renal patients. Silicon and aluminum are constituents of glasses and glass is the most important container material for medicines and, among them, solutions for parenteral nutrition. The presence of aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition has been monitored lately due to the toxicity risk for patients that receive this kind of treatment. Parenteral solutions are used for patients that cannot be fed orally, including pre-term infants and surgical patients. The administration of parenteral nutrition solutions contaminated by aluminum for long periods can lead to intoxication and subsequent neurological and bone problems. The limit for aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition was established by the FDA as 25 μg/L. However, high levels have been found in many formulations. The aim of this work was the quantification of silicon and aluminum in these solutions, as well as the evaluation of the “free-aluminum fraction” because silicic acid is able to bind aluminum tightly. Silicon and aluminum already present in the substances were measured. The extraction of these elements from the glass containers during the heating for the sterilization of the solutions was investigated by storing each component of the parenteral nutrition solutions individually in sealed glass ampoules, submitting them to the sterilization procedure and measuring the elements after that. They were measured either by atomic absorption spectrometry or spectrophotometry. The assays showed that all the substances are contaminated by both elements, but it is the heating for sterilization with the consequent interaction with the glass that is responsible for high levels of contamination. It could be observed that the glass dissolution and the silicon and aluminum extraction is related to the nature of the species in contact with the glass surface. Whereas amino acids shoed low levels of contamination, saline solution and mainly basic solutions presented the highest levels. The extraction mechanism can be related to the simple glass dissolution, to an ion-exchange process or to an affinity of the species for silicon or aluminum. The results showed that in those solutions where the silicon content were high the free aluminum was very low, comparing with the total aluminum measured in the solution. This effect is probably due to the formation of hydroxyaluminumsilicates (HSA). The simultaneous presence of silicon and aluminum can turn the aluminum not available to be absorbed by the human body. |
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2022-11-08T18:40:32Z2022-11-08T18:40:32Z2003-08http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26804Silicon is a non-metal essential to the living organisms due to its role in the tissues and bones. The most important biological forms of silicon are the amorphous silica and the monomeric silicic acid. Only the monomeric silicic acid is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Aluminum is an omnipresent element in the environment. Since the 70’s it has been related to some neurodegenerative diseases, mainly in endstage chronical renal patients. Silicon and aluminum are constituents of glasses and glass is the most important container material for medicines and, among them, solutions for parenteral nutrition. The presence of aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition has been monitored lately due to the toxicity risk for patients that receive this kind of treatment. Parenteral solutions are used for patients that cannot be fed orally, including pre-term infants and surgical patients. The administration of parenteral nutrition solutions contaminated by aluminum for long periods can lead to intoxication and subsequent neurological and bone problems. The limit for aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition was established by the FDA as 25 μg/L. However, high levels have been found in many formulations. The aim of this work was the quantification of silicon and aluminum in these solutions, as well as the evaluation of the “free-aluminum fraction” because silicic acid is able to bind aluminum tightly. Silicon and aluminum already present in the substances were measured. The extraction of these elements from the glass containers during the heating for the sterilization of the solutions was investigated by storing each component of the parenteral nutrition solutions individually in sealed glass ampoules, submitting them to the sterilization procedure and measuring the elements after that. They were measured either by atomic absorption spectrometry or spectrophotometry. The assays showed that all the substances are contaminated by both elements, but it is the heating for sterilization with the consequent interaction with the glass that is responsible for high levels of contamination. It could be observed that the glass dissolution and the silicon and aluminum extraction is related to the nature of the species in contact with the glass surface. Whereas amino acids shoed low levels of contamination, saline solution and mainly basic solutions presented the highest levels. The extraction mechanism can be related to the simple glass dissolution, to an ion-exchange process or to an affinity of the species for silicon or aluminum. The results showed that in those solutions where the silicon content were high the free aluminum was very low, comparing with the total aluminum measured in the solution. This effect is probably due to the formation of hydroxyaluminumsilicates (HSA). The simultaneous presence of silicon and aluminum can turn the aluminum not available to be absorbed by the human body.O silício é um não-metal essencial aos organismos, considerado importante no desenvolvimento normal de tecidos e ossos. As duas formas de importância biológica são a sílica amorfa e o ácido silícico monomérico que é a forma absorvida pelo trato gastrointestinal. Os dados disponíveis na literatura indicam que a toxicidade do silício é baixa. O alumínio é um metal onipresente no ambiente, que a partir dos anos 70 foi relacionado à várias doenças em pacientes em estágio final de insuficiência renal e diversas doenças neurodegenerativas em humanos. O silício, assim como o alumínio, é constituinte das embalagens de vidro, que são utilizadas para armazenar medicamentos, a exemplo das soluções de nutrição parenteral. A presença do alumínio como contaminante nestas soluções vem sendo monitorada, pois a sua toxicidade pode afetar os pacientes que são tratados com estas soluções. As soluções parenterais são utilizadas em pacientes que sofrem de doenças complexas, em pacientes pediátricos e cirúrgicos. A administração de soluções parenterais contaminadas por períodos longos de tempo, pode fazer com que os pacientes sofram intoxicação, causando enfermidades graves, como problemas cerebrais e doença nos ossos. O limite máximo de alumínio nas soluções de nutrição parenteral, estabelecido pela FDA (Food and Drug Administration) é de 25 μg.L-1. Porém, teores acima do tolerável têm sido encontrados nas soluções parenterais contaminadas por alumínio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o silício em diferentes soluções biológicas, bem como determinar o alumínio total e disponível nas mesmas. Verificou-se o teor de silício e alumínio na matéria prima utilizada na preparação das soluções parenterais, bem como a influência do processo de esterilização destas soluções, na extração do silício e alumínio do vidro. As soluções testadas foram constituídas das espécies que formam as soluções de uso parenteral, nas mesmas concentrações em que são comercializadas nestas soluções. Dentre as diversas espécies que foram analisadas, estão os aminoácidos, soluções salinas (como os fosfatos, cloretos e sulfatos) e glicose. As determinações do teor de silício e alumínio foram feitas por Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica com Atomização Eletrotérmica (ET AAS) e espectrofotometria no UV-VIS. Os ensaios realizados mostraram, que a matéria prima contribui para a contaminação das soluções parenterais, por silício e alumínio. Porém, é no processo de esterilização que ocorre a maior liberação destas espécies para as soluções parenterais. Foi verificado, também, que o teor de silício e alumínio lixiviados do vidro, varia conforme a substância investigada. Enquanto algumas espécies, como alguns aminoácidos, quase não extraíram silício e alumínio do vidro, outras substâncias extraíram concentrações elevadas de ambos, tais como as soluções salinas e os fosfatos. Existem interações diferentes das substâncias quando em contato com a superfície do vidro, que depende da natureza destas. As soluções neutras em contato com a superfície do vidro promovem uma troca iônica, já as soluções alcalinas conduzem à dissolução do vidro em que estão em contato. Em algumas espécies com características quelantes, como alguns aminoácidos, a extração das espécies do vidro pode estar relacionada com a formação de quelatos entre a substância quelante e o silício ou alumínio constituinte do vidro. Os resultados mostraram que nas soluções em que a concentração de silício foi significativamente alta, o teor de alumínio livre foi consideravelmente reduzido, devido a interação entre silício e alumínio, formando hidroxialuminosilicatos (HAS). A formação de HAS torna o alumínio indisponível na solução, impedindo que este seja absorvido e de alguma forma depositado no organismo humano.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaUFSMBrasilQuímicaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessQuímicaQuímica analíticaSilícioAlumínioNutrição parenteralVidroCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICAEstudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteralStudy of the interaction between silicon and aluminum from glass in the presence of solutions for parenteral nutritioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisNascimento, Denise Bohrer dohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9817093263802769Vale, Maria Goreti doHorner, Manfredohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2342222310448212Bortoluzzi, Fabiana1006000000006006006006006001c5af0ad-15cf-4a7e-9b25-b8b6b1363ae611b49738-0d7d-498f-ad01-bf963a77071a2f878e30-09af-4301-9b72-921a24c3fd9f48d87821-a3a8-479c-a4f9-39d871b0c1careponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26804/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81956http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26804/3/license.txt2f0571ecee68693bd5cd3f17c1e075dfMD53ORIGINALDIS_PPGQUÍMICA_2003_BORTOLUZZI_FABIANA.pdfDIS_PPGQUÍMICA_2003_BORTOLUZZI_FABIANA.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf1747375http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26804/1/DIS_PPGQU%c3%8dMICA_2003_BORTOLUZZI_FABIANA.pdfac754e29521328e7cf3654cc5dc5b737MD511/268042022-11-08 15:40:32.693oai:repositorio.ufsm.br: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 Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-11-08T18:40:32Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Study of the interaction between silicon and aluminum from glass in the presence of solutions for parenteral nutrition |
title |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
spellingShingle |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral Bortoluzzi, Fabiana Química Química analítica Silício Alumínio Nutrição parenteral Vidro CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
title_short |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
title_full |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
title_fullStr |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
title_sort |
Estudo da interação entre silício e alumínio extraídos do vidro na presença de soluções para nutrição parenteral |
author |
Bortoluzzi, Fabiana |
author_facet |
Bortoluzzi, Fabiana |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Nascimento, Denise Bohrer do |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9817093263802769 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Vale, Maria Goreti do |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Horner, Manfredo |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2342222310448212 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bortoluzzi, Fabiana |
contributor_str_mv |
Nascimento, Denise Bohrer do Vale, Maria Goreti do Horner, Manfredo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Química Química analítica Silício Alumínio Nutrição parenteral Vidro |
topic |
Química Química analítica Silício Alumínio Nutrição parenteral Vidro CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
description |
Silicon is a non-metal essential to the living organisms due to its role in the tissues and bones. The most important biological forms of silicon are the amorphous silica and the monomeric silicic acid. Only the monomeric silicic acid is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Aluminum is an omnipresent element in the environment. Since the 70’s it has been related to some neurodegenerative diseases, mainly in endstage chronical renal patients. Silicon and aluminum are constituents of glasses and glass is the most important container material for medicines and, among them, solutions for parenteral nutrition. The presence of aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition has been monitored lately due to the toxicity risk for patients that receive this kind of treatment. Parenteral solutions are used for patients that cannot be fed orally, including pre-term infants and surgical patients. The administration of parenteral nutrition solutions contaminated by aluminum for long periods can lead to intoxication and subsequent neurological and bone problems. The limit for aluminum in solutions for parenteral nutrition was established by the FDA as 25 μg/L. However, high levels have been found in many formulations. The aim of this work was the quantification of silicon and aluminum in these solutions, as well as the evaluation of the “free-aluminum fraction” because silicic acid is able to bind aluminum tightly. Silicon and aluminum already present in the substances were measured. The extraction of these elements from the glass containers during the heating for the sterilization of the solutions was investigated by storing each component of the parenteral nutrition solutions individually in sealed glass ampoules, submitting them to the sterilization procedure and measuring the elements after that. They were measured either by atomic absorption spectrometry or spectrophotometry. The assays showed that all the substances are contaminated by both elements, but it is the heating for sterilization with the consequent interaction with the glass that is responsible for high levels of contamination. It could be observed that the glass dissolution and the silicon and aluminum extraction is related to the nature of the species in contact with the glass surface. Whereas amino acids shoed low levels of contamination, saline solution and mainly basic solutions presented the highest levels. The extraction mechanism can be related to the simple glass dissolution, to an ion-exchange process or to an affinity of the species for silicon or aluminum. The results showed that in those solutions where the silicon content were high the free aluminum was very low, comparing with the total aluminum measured in the solution. This effect is probably due to the formation of hydroxyaluminumsilicates (HSA). The simultaneous presence of silicon and aluminum can turn the aluminum not available to be absorbed by the human body. |
publishDate |
2003 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2003-08 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-08T18:40:32Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-08T18:40:32Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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por |
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por |
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100600000000 |
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600 600 600 600 600 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
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Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Química |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
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