Pobreza e desigualdade rural na Região Sudeste sob o enfoque da pluriatividade e rendas não-agrícolas

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Moreira, Roni Barbosa
• Orientador(a): Lima, João Eustáquio de
• Banca de defesa: Gomes, Marília Fernandes Maciel , Toyoshima, Sílvia Harumi , Lírio, Viviani Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia Aplicada
• Departamento: Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pluriatividade; Rendas não-agrícolas; Pobreza; Desigualdade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pluriactivity; Non-agricultural income; Poverty; Inequality
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIAS AGRARIA E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS::ECONOMIA AGRARIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/39

The multi-activity, defined as the combination of agricultural and non-farm members of the same family unit, and the issues relevant to non-agricultural incomes emerge in the context of the search for better living conditions in rural areas. In this sense, it is expected that the multi-activity and non-agricultural incomes to act as an alternative to increasing the income of households in rural areas, thus providing a change in levels of poverty and income inequality.This research aims to identify the effects of multi-activity and non-agricultural incomes on the levels of rural poverty and inequality in the Southeast in 2008. Specifically, we intend to analyze the factors that interfere with the characterization of the family as agricultural, nonagricultural and Pluriactivity; pluriactivity identify the effect on poverty from the difference in income earned by farm households and pluriactive and to assess the contribution of non-agricultural incomes on reducing inequality in rural areas. The theoretical model used is the aggregate utility, according to which family members act collectively to maximize a single utility function. The main determinants of the choices of families in relation to the three possible alternatives were studied by means of the standard multinomial logit with sample selection, and where, subsequently, the calculation of measures of poverty and income concentration, namely, the FGT indices, proportion of poor, poverty gap and severity of poverty and the Gini concentration ratio, besides the elasticity of poverty measures to address variations in income and the inequality index. The study used data from the National Household Survey for the year 2008. The most important variables in determining the choice of alternative employment were: years of education, place of residence, age of the economically active population, number of components of family, self employed and employees. Simulating all families as agricultural or pluriactive, there is a higher income for families pluriactive, and for these there is a greater number of families whose income is above the average level. The results of FGT poverty indices show that the lowest proportion of poor is found for the observed income families pluriactive followed by non-agricultural and agricultural exclusively, just as the gap and severity of poverty. The Gini concentration indices show the same behavior, pluriactive families have the lowest value and a higher concentration for non- agricultural and agricultural products.Simulating the rents for each type of family, you realize that when families and non-agricultural pluriactive become agricultural poverty rates suffer a relative worsening, showing that for these families, poverty is greater. The best results occur in cases where families are multi. It is therefore evident that the fact that the family be pluriactive contributes as an alternative to increasing income and reducing poverty. Simulating that families and non-agricultural pluriactive focusing exclusively on agricultural activities, increases the concentration of income. If farm households were pluriactive, income concentration decreases, ie the share of off-farm income reduces the inequality of families. The results for the elasticities leads us to conclude that poverty is more sensitive when they change levels of inequality compared to changes in average income.