Níveis e planos nutricionais de lisina digestível para leitoas em fase de crescimento e terminação

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Gabriel Cipriano
• Orientador(a): Donzele, Juarez Lopes
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira , Kiefer, Charles
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Lisina; Carcaça; Desempenho; Crescimento e Terminação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Lysine; Carcass; Performance; Growing-finishing
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1817

This experiment was conducted to evaluate levels of digestible lysine (DLys) and nutritional plans for growing-finishing gilts. Eighty gilts with 63 days of age and initial body weight of 24.2 ± 1.52 kg were distributed in randomized complete blocks design, with five nutritional plans of DLys (9-8-7; 10-9-8; 11-10-9; 12-11-10; 13-12-11 g/kg, from 63 to 103,104 to 133 and 134 to 153 days of age, respectively) and eight replicates. Pigs were housed in pair and fed their respective diets ad libitum throughout the experimental period (90 days). The basal diet for each phase (63 to 103,104 to 133 and 134 to 153 days) contained corn, soybean meal and no supplemental industry amino acids. Four additional diets (each phase) were formulated by adding L-Lysine HCl 78% and when necessary DL-Methionine 99%, L-Threonine 98%, L-Tryptophan 98%, L-Valine 96.5% and L-Isoleucine 99% replacing the starch. To follow the animal development along the experiment at 63, 103 and 133 days, gilts were weighed and subjected to analysis of ultrasound for evaluation of depth and loin eye area as well as backfat thickness. At the end of the experimental period (153 days) the animals were weighed and after slaughter, carcasses were evaluated individually using a typifying pistol to evaluate the percentage and the content of carcass meat, loin depth and backfat thickness. To better discuss the results the study was presented in two chapters, from 63 to 103 and from 63 to 153 days. From 63 to 103 days the DLys levels linearly increase (P<0.05) average daily gain and loin area of gilts in growing phase. However, there was no difference for average daily gain at levels above 12g/kg of DLys while the Linear Response Plateau model was that better fitted to the loin area data that stabilized in a plateau starting from the level of 12.5g/kg DLys. The feed:gain ratio was improved (P<0.01) quadratically until the estimated level of 11.9g kg-1 of DLys. There was no effects (P>0.05) of the treatments on the backfat thickness and feed intake. From 63 to 133 days, there was no effect (P>0.05) of the nutritional plans on daily feed intake, performance, loin eye area and backfat thickness, however the loin depth was greater (P<0.10) on the gilts that received plans with higher levels of DLys (12-11, 13-12 g/kg) compared to the plan with the lowest level (8-7 g/kg). For the whole period (63 to 153 days), it was not observed influence (P>0.05) of the nutritional plans on the daily feed intake, performance variables and carcass characteristics. It was conclude that the nutritional plan containing 9-8-7 g/kg of digestible lysine fed from 63 to 103, 104 to 133 and 134 to 153 days, respectively, meet the requirements for performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing gilts.