Eficiência e difusão de tecnologia na produção de leite em Minas Gerais

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Ervilha, Gabriel Teixeira
• Orientador(a): Gomes, Adriano Provezano
• Banca de defesa: Dias, Roberto Serpa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento econômico e Políticas públicas
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Leite - Aspectos econômicos; Leite - Produção; Agroindústria
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Milk - Economic aspects; Milk - Production; Agrobusiness
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::METODOS QUANTITATIVOS EM ECONOMIA::METODOS E MODELOS MATEMATICOS, ECONOMETRICOS E ESTATISTICOS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3290

The dairy farming is a productive segment featured in Brazil with great importance as economic and social activity. However, despite considerable changes, this segment still do not find this level of productivity of other producing countries. In order to raise the productivity and achieve a more solid production structure in terms of cost, price and quality, this study proposes to identify the efficient production units in order to facilitate the diffusion of technology and information. For this, was used the nonparametric methodology of data envelopment analysis (DEA) assuming the product orientation, with results refined by outliers detection, nonparametric method of the efficient frontier and the discriminant analysis. The information comes from 659 producing properties of members of the Projeto Educampo Leite. The results show the importance of technical and scale efficiency in improving the technical and economic performance of the properties. The 104 properties considered 100% efficient (pure efficiency) showed greater gross income (output) with proportional use of inputs flow and inventory (inputs) and only 50 units has technical and scale efficiencies. Furthermore, there are no clear distinctions of the presence of inefficiency between different strata of production and location of the properties, i.e., those features are not determinative of the presence of efficiency. As for the technical and economic indicators, it is observed that these efficiency properties present indicators more favorable, reinforcing the relationship of efficiency and economic gains. In the projection of inefficient DMUs to the efficient frontier, the potential gains in revenues revolve around 28%, noting that such gains are possible, since the projection is based on producers who develop similar activities, but so more efficient. The discriminant analysis reinforces the previous analysis, identifying the rate of return on invested capital, the productivity of labor, of the flock and of the earth and the relationship between gross margin and the income as factors discriminating between efficient and inefficient properties in the dairy segment. Finally observe that the main referral units feature superior results to the averages of efficiency properties, especially in relation to the return on invested capital, indicating that the selection of agents diffusers should identify not only the efficiency, but the degree of reference of these agents in the segment studied. These results demonstrate the importance of producing efficiently and that efficient practices should be disseminated in the dairy production sector, to ensure the permanence of producers in the market and meeting the growing demand dairy products. Still in possession of these observations, one can select the agents considered efficient, directing them to programs for technology diffusion and agricultural extension, creating a virtuous cycle, not only for the producer, but for the entire dairy supply chain.