Efeitos de estratégias nutricionais sobre o desempenho e a excreção de nutrientes para suínos dos 30 aos 100 kg

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Pena, Sérgio de Miranda
• Orientador(a): Lopes, Darci Clementino
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira , Teixeira, Alexandre de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fitase; Minerais orgânicos; Proteína ideal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Phytase; Organic minerals; Ideal protein
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1753

Four experiments were conducted, one about performance and three about metabolism in order to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies on performance parameters, carcass characteristics, retention and excretion of nutrients and economic performance in pigs from 30 to 100 kg. The diets were formulated according to the phase, 30-50 kg, 50-70 kg and 70-100 kg. Treatments were: control diet = basal diet without synthetic amino acids; low crude protein diet = diet with low protein by synthetic amino acid supplementation; phytase diet = supplementation with phytase, organic diet = control supplemented with inorganic-organic minerals and combination diet= diet with low protein supplemented with phytase and inorganic-organic minerals. In the performance trial 120 pigs were used distributed in a randomized block design, with five treatments, four blocks containing two replicates per block and three animals per experimental unit, two males and one female. In metabolism experiments were used 20 animals in each experiment (growth phase I, growth phase II and finishingphase). The animals were housed individually in metabolism cages, distributed in a randomized block design with five treatments, four blocks containing one repetition per block, a pig by the experimental unit and the quantity of feed supplied to each animal was determined according to their metabolic weight. According to amount of nutrients ingested and excreted in faeces and urine was possible to find the balance of N, P and Ca and excretion of Cu, Zn and Mn. The diets evaluated, low CP, phytase, organic and combination did not alter the daily weight gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion and carcass traits of pigs compared with pigs fed the control diet. The economic return was greater with diet combination than the control diet. It is concluded that the reduction of crude protein, supplementation with phytase and inorganic-organic minerals can be adopted without changing significantly the performance during the growing-finishing phase and carcass traits at 100 kg, whereas the combination diet provides greater economic return than the control diet in pigs from 30 to 100 kg in weight. The reduction of crude protein diet decreases the excretion of total N in pigs from 30 to 100 kg. Supplementation of diets with phytase reduces the total excretion of P in all phases. The inclusion of inorganic-organic minerals in the diet does not reduce the excretion of Cu, Zn and Mn. The combination diet reduces total N excretion from 30 to 100 kg, the excretion of Cu, Zn and Mn between 30 and 50 kg and also decreases the excretion of total P in all evaluated phases.