Cidade em festa, cidade em disputa: ativismo e apropriação do espaço urbano em São Paulo no início do século XXI

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Marino, Cintia Elisa de Castro
• Orientador(a): Guerra Neto, Abílio da Silva
• Banca de defesa: Somekh, Nadia , Marquez, Renata Moreira , Wisnik, Guilherme Teixeira , Santoro, Paula Freire
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Arquitetura e Urbanismo
• Departamento: Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (FAU)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: ativismo; apropriação do espaço público; ação direta; comuns urbanos; urbanismo tático; mobilização online
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA REGIONAL E URBANA::ECONOMIA URBANA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/26183

A new type of appropriation of urban spaces emerges in São Paulo, Brazil. The use of bicycles, the planting of communal gardens and the organization of street parties are part of a phenomenon that gains strength along with direct action of urban activism. These groups started to mobilize in the context of the crisis of political representation of 2013, in which multitude took the streets against Brazil’s political system. The activists aim to discuss the everyday life in cities and seek new ways of building the urban spaces. This research analyzes three territories that resistant groups occupy as part of their direct actions and activism. “Minhocão” is currently a dual function public space: a 3.4 km in length highway that people use as an urban park at night and in weekends. In 2011, young activists of the Baixo Centro Movement independently organize artistic and cultural interventions as urban festivals. In 2013 another group of activists founded the Civil Association Parque Minhocão with the specific objective of influencing the municipality to permanently interrupt the road use and transform the public space into a high line park. “Parque Augusta” is a private plot of land neighbors and collectives claim as a public green area. In 2013, as a strategy of preserving the remaining vegetation of the Atlantic Forest, a coalition of activists occupied the land, and organized art and culture activities in favor of the creation of the park. In 2015, as a festival, the occupation was repeated. In “Largo da Batata”, some activists have reactivate a public space that had the municipality destroyed according to an urban development project. Every friday evening, they promoted a diversity of activities, such as: thematic dialogues, practices of interventions, workshops, parties and concerts. Thus emerged the group "The Potato Needs You" (something like The Potato Needs You), a mixture of social encounter with movement "maker". Workshops for the construction of urban furniture with reusable wood and gardening often extended on weekends. This autonomous group works with simple and low-cost interventions. That activists initiatives of self-management seeks new forms of space transformation, not through projects and plans, but by constructing a new urban paradigm. The hypothesis is that there is a tension between freedom of action and institutionalization in the dispute over urban spaces. Somewhat controversial can be the kind of power that activism tactics can exercise in territorial transformation. The urban space becomes the scene of conflict with playful developments and political disputes.