Perfil de uma população estomizada intestinal provisória e motivos de não reconstrução de trânsito intestinal

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Aguiar, Janderson Cleiton
• Orientador(a): Pinto, Maria Helena
• Banca de defesa: Ponce, Maria Amélia Zanon, Pompeo, Daniela Alcalá
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem::5708931012041588413::500
• Departamento: Faculdade 1::Departamento 2::2907770059257635076::600
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Estomia; Estomas Cirúrgicos; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Perfil de Saúde; Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Ostomy; Surgical Stomas; Nursing Care; Health Profile; Life Change Events
• Palavras-chave em Espanhol: Estomía; Estomas Quirúrgicos; Atención de Enfermería; Perfil de Salud; Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENFERMAGEM::ENFERMAGEM DE SAUDE PUBLICA::5647390027954931658::600
• Link de acesso: http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/385

Introduction: The creation of intestinal stomas is a well-defined therapy for intestinal diseases. Objective: To describe sociodemographic and clinical aspects of people with a temporary intestinal ostomy and to identify the factors contributing to the lack of bowel transit reconstruction in those with a temporary intestinal ostomy. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive-analytical study, with 117 people with a provisional stoma. Data were collected from September to November 2015 through medical chart review and structured interviewing in a Type II Ostomy Care Service. An instrument was used to collect sociodemographic and clinical aspects and the reason for the lack of bowel transit reconstruction after provisional stoma up to the moment of data collection. Results: All enrolled individuals with a temporary stoma participated in the study. Of those, 64 (54.7%) were males, with a mean age of 62.9 years (minimum 23, maximum 95), married (70-59.8%), catholic (87-74.4%), with up to eight years of education (83 - 70.9%). The majority (62 - 52.9%) had a paid work, of which 60 (51.3%) had stopped working, and 52 (44.4%) did not return, with a retirement pension. Of the 57 (48.7%) who had not interrupted their work activities, 39 (33.3%) were retired, 16 (13.6%) were unpaid and two (1.7%) were self-employed without the right to a leave. The majority had a family income up to two minimum wages (79 - 67.5%). Neoplasia prevailed as a cause of stoma production (56 - 47.9%), followed by acute abdomen (37 - 31.6%). Colostomies were the most frequent ostomies (88 - 75.2%), the mean duration of stoma implantation was 5.3 years (median 3 years, minimum 6 months and maximum 25 years). The main reasons for delay in reconstructing bowel traffic were the persistence of the preoperative cause, the presence of comorbidities, postsurgical complications and difficulty accessing exams, appointments and surgery. Age influenced both the pathology (p<0,001)and the reason for delayed reconstruction(p<0,001).Conclusion: Age influences both the cause of stoma construction and the lack of bowel traffic reconstruction. The presence of comorbidities and the persistence of the preoperative cause also have a significant influence on the lack of bowel traffic reconstruction. Neoplasia was the main pathology requiring construction of a stoma, most surgical interventions being urgent. Preventive actions regarding intestinal neoplasias, structuring of network care, with involvement and integration of all services can contribute to the identification of obstacles, and search for solutions, improving the quality of life and reducing costs.