Uso do índice de vegetação como ferramenta de monitoramento do estado de conservação da Caatinga Alagoana

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Marco Antonio Diniz do
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas; Brasil; Campus Marechal Deodoro; Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais/PPGTEC
• Palavras-chave em Português: Uso do solo; Cobertura Vegetal; Antropização; Anthropization; Land Use; Vegetation Cover; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ifal.edu.br/handle/123456789/590

The Caatinga region undergoes significant modifications in its natural environment, primarily caused by the removal of native vegetation cover, often resulting from illegal deforestation for various purposes and soil exploitation. Therefore, our study presents results on the monitoring of areas covered by native Caatinga vegetation in the Immediate Microregion of Delmiro Gouveia, which includes the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Água Branca, Mata Grande, Pariconha, Piranhas, Olho D’Água do Casado, and Inhapi, located in the hinterland of the Alagoas state. To do so, the research method employed to achieve the results of territorial distribution and quantification of Caatinga vegetation cover is divided into: (i) analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI and Enhanced Vegetation Index - EVI; (ii) analysis of areas adjacent to the 'canal do sertão' (aqueduct project) within a radius of 5 km; (iii) cross-referencing areas embargoed by environmental agencies due to illegal vegetation suppression; and (iv) monitoring land use for the years 2002 and 2022. To obtain the results, images from the Landsat 7 satellite were used, with a spatial resolution of 15 meters (panchromatic) at a cartographic scale of 1:25,000. The analyses obtained through NDVI and EVI did not show significant differences in the distribution of Caatinga vegetation on the ground. The pixel values corresponding to the presence of Caatinga vegetation varied from 0.8 in the year 2002 to 0.6 in the year 2022 for NDVI results, and from 18.8 in the year 2002 to 16.5 in the year 2022 for EVI results. On the other hand, the land use monitoring reveals a 31% reduction in Caatinga vegetation between the years 2002 and 2022, along with anthropized areas, highlighting a 23% growth in agropastoral areas and 11% in exposed soil. In conclusion, the methodology applied on this study yielded satisfactory results for assessing vegetation cover, providing outcomes of environmental, social, and academic interest.