O cinema que convoca os sentidos da vida: uma análise do conceito de Ikigai (razão de viver) na filmografia de Hirokazu Koreeda

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Tomimatsu, Célia Maki
• Orientador(a): Greiner, Christine
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Comunicação e Semiótica
• Departamento: Faculdade de Filosofia, Comunicação, Letras e Artes
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Koreeda, Hirokazu [1962- ]; Cinema japonês; Ikigai; Razão de viver
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Japanese movie
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::COMUNICACAO
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20696

The objective of this research is to analyze how the Japanese filmmaker Hirokazu Koreeda transforms the concept of ikigai (生 き が い) into a communicational resource that affects the Japanese and international audiences, to such an extent that it summons life in its everyday singularity and not necessarily from major events. Although ikigai is a difficult term to translate, it has been considered by researchers of diverse areas as "reason for living". The main corpus of the thesis is composed of four films: A luz da ilusão (1995), Depois da vida (1999), Tão distante (2001) and Seguindo em frente (2008). In all of them, there is an emphasis on the questions about life, death and, above all, the memory as a human interaction among the characters. This is because, in addition to the dialogues, the silence and images of the memories express the reason for living of each one of them. In regard to the theoretical framework, we have related bibliographies of Mieko Kamiya's ikigai (2004a, 2004b) with Hirokazu Koreeda's own writings (2001, 2004, 2008, 2016a, 2016d), as well as his interviews, in which the author interprets ikigai in a complex way and elucidates its insertion in contemporary Japanese cinema. In addition, we start with Christine Greiner's (2010 and 2017) research that considers the relationship between Japan and the West from perceptual and empathic chains, without neglecting the cultural singularities, but observing cultures beyond the given categories. As a methodological procedure, we will analyze the four films selected above, observing the filmmaker's script and the work developed by the characters, having as a main focus the interaction of the narration with the bodies that communicate with the external world, according to the ikigai of each one. The main hypothesis is that in the filmography of Koreeda the reason for living of an individual is not restricted to happiness, but also to an obscure and somber side that exposes ambivalences between life and death, joys and sorrows. The contribution of the thesis is to discuss this new interpretation of the concept, besides analyzing the work of a filmmaker who does not have any bibliography in Portuguese