Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos
Ano de defesa: | 2012 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Experimental: Análise do Comportamento
|
Departamento: |
Psicologia
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16637 |
Resumo: | Insight has been interpreted in behavior analysis as the sudden resolution of a problem when two or more different repertoires, previously learned separately, interconnect in a new situation without direct training, producing original sequences of behavior. A small body of research has shown some variables which appear to contribute to the production of this phenomenon, but methodological problems, in particular the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation and the delay between response and reinforcer, limit its relevance. Under the light of these considerations, the objective of this research was to investigate the phenomenon of spontaneous interconnection of repertoires (or insight ) with variations in the procedures employed in the area. These were: (a) the object that should be reached by the subjects in the problem-situation was established as a reinforcing stimulus before the phases of testing and training; (b) the delay between the target response (from training and testing) and consumption of the primary reinforcer (water) was reduced by the construction of a drinking magazine that could be moved toward the subject. Two Wistar rats were used as experimental subjects. The equipment and materials were a circular chamber of 69 cm in diameter and 50 cm high, four acrylic cubes coated with black cardboard, a nylon string that drove the movement of the cube along the camera, and a buzzer. The procedure was divided in six phases: (a) training to the drinking magazine, (b) pre-test of insight, (c) training to push the cube, (d) intermediate test of insight, (e) training to climb on the cube and rise, (f) final test of insight. In the test of insight situation, the subject should reach the drinking magazine positioned at the top of the chamber by pushing an acrylic cube in its direction and climbing on the cube to drink. Water were used as reinforcement in a continuous schedule of reinforcement. The results showed that none of the subjects solved the problem in a sudden, direct and continuous way, criteria used to qualify the performance as insight . Nevertheless, the procedure used in this experiment has heuristic value as it represents an attempt to produce the phenomenon without the use of arbitrary objects (which significantly reduces the number of training sessions), and rendered the concept of functional generalization unnecessary. Finally, this research points out obstacles that the area faces in the study of insight , such as the difficulty in replicating Epstein s research and the problems generated by the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation, not to mention the limitations imposed by the behavioral interpretation of the phenomenon |
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Andery, Maria Amáliahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4267722J6Leonardi, Jan Luiz2016-04-29T13:17:36Z2012-02-292012-02-10Leonardi, Jan Luiz. Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos. 2012. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2012.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16637Insight has been interpreted in behavior analysis as the sudden resolution of a problem when two or more different repertoires, previously learned separately, interconnect in a new situation without direct training, producing original sequences of behavior. A small body of research has shown some variables which appear to contribute to the production of this phenomenon, but methodological problems, in particular the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation and the delay between response and reinforcer, limit its relevance. Under the light of these considerations, the objective of this research was to investigate the phenomenon of spontaneous interconnection of repertoires (or insight ) with variations in the procedures employed in the area. These were: (a) the object that should be reached by the subjects in the problem-situation was established as a reinforcing stimulus before the phases of testing and training; (b) the delay between the target response (from training and testing) and consumption of the primary reinforcer (water) was reduced by the construction of a drinking magazine that could be moved toward the subject. Two Wistar rats were used as experimental subjects. The equipment and materials were a circular chamber of 69 cm in diameter and 50 cm high, four acrylic cubes coated with black cardboard, a nylon string that drove the movement of the cube along the camera, and a buzzer. The procedure was divided in six phases: (a) training to the drinking magazine, (b) pre-test of insight, (c) training to push the cube, (d) intermediate test of insight, (e) training to climb on the cube and rise, (f) final test of insight. In the test of insight situation, the subject should reach the drinking magazine positioned at the top of the chamber by pushing an acrylic cube in its direction and climbing on the cube to drink. Water were used as reinforcement in a continuous schedule of reinforcement. The results showed that none of the subjects solved the problem in a sudden, direct and continuous way, criteria used to qualify the performance as insight . Nevertheless, the procedure used in this experiment has heuristic value as it represents an attempt to produce the phenomenon without the use of arbitrary objects (which significantly reduces the number of training sessions), and rendered the concept of functional generalization unnecessary. Finally, this research points out obstacles that the area faces in the study of insight , such as the difficulty in replicating Epstein s research and the problems generated by the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation, not to mention the limitations imposed by the behavioral interpretation of the phenomenonO insight tem sido interpretado na análise do comportamento como a resolução súbita de um problema quando dois ou mais repertórios diferentes, previamente aprendidos em separado, se interconectam sem treino direto em uma nova situação, produzindo sequências originais de comportamento. Um pequeno conjunto de pesquisas evidenciou algumas variáveis que parecem contribuir para a produção desse fenômeno, mas problemas metodológicos, em especial o uso de objetos arbitrários na situação-problema e o atraso entre resposta e reforçador, limitam sua relevância. Em vista disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar o fenômeno de interconexão espontânea de repertórios (ou insight ) implementando algumas variações nos procedimentos empregados pela área. Foram elas: (a) o objeto que deveria ser alcançado pelos sujeitos na situação-problema foi estabelecido como estímulo reforçador antes das fases de teste e de treino; (b) o atraso entre a resposta-alvo (dos treinos e dos testes) e o consumo do reforçador primário (água) foi reduzido por meio da construção de um bebedouro que podia ser deslocado até o sujeito. Dois ratos Wistar foram utilizados como sujeitos experimentais. Os equipamentos e materiais foram uma câmara circular de 69 cm de diâmetro e 50 cm de altura, quatro cubos de acrílico revestidos com cartolina preta, um fio de náilon que guiava o movimento do cubo ao longo da câmara e um buzzer. O procedimento foi dividido em seis fases: (a) treino ao bebedouro; (b) pré-teste de insight; (c) treino de empurrar o cubo; (d) teste intermediário de insight; (e) treino de subir no cubo e erguer-se; (f) teste final de insight. Na situação de teste de insight, o sujeito deveria alcançar o bebedouro, posicionado no alto da câmara, empurrando um cubo de acrílico em direção a ele e subindo no cubo para beber. Gotas de água foram utilizadas como reforçador em esquema de reforçamento contínuo. Os resultados demonstraram que nenhum dos sujeitos resolveu o problema de forma súbita, direta e contínua, critérios empregados para qualificar o desempenho como insight . Apesar disso, o procedimento empregado neste experimento tem valor heurístico, na medida em que representa uma tentativa de produzir o fenômeno sem o uso de objetos arbitrários (o que reduz significativamente o número de sessões de treino necessárias), além de tornar desnecessário o conceito de generalização funcional. Por fim, são apontados alguns obstáculos que a área enfrenta no estudo do insight , como a dificuldade em replicar as pesquisas de Epstein e os problemas gerados pelo uso de objetos arbitrários na situação-problema, além de limitações impostas pela própria interpretação comportamental do fenômenoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/35307/Jan%20Luiz%20Leonardi.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Experimental: Análise do ComportamentoPUC-SPBRPsicologiaInterconexão de repertóriosResolução de problemasCriatividadeCognição animalAnálise do comportamentoInsightInterconnection of repertoiresProblem solvingCreativityAnimal cognitionBehavior analysisCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALInsight: um estudo experimental com ratosInsight: an experimental study with ratsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTJan Luiz Leonardi.pdf.txtJan Luiz Leonardi.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain96095https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16637/3/Jan%20Luiz%20Leonardi.pdf.txt3b0d334c7e462b0157adbb240182cfcaMD53ORIGINALJan Luiz Leonardi.pdfapplication/pdf974669https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16637/1/Jan%20Luiz%20Leonardi.pdfff14eae278e1093b0a83b8d1bf2d5ea9MD51THUMBNAILJan Luiz Leonardi.pdf.jpgJan Luiz Leonardi.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1983https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/16637/2/Jan%20Luiz%20Leonardi.pdf.jpg5aa40ec6d0f63743cdc45f5eafefeb15MD52handle/166372022-04-28 14:09:32.097oai:repositorio.pucsp.br:handle/16637Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://sapientia.pucsp.br/https://sapientia.pucsp.br/oai/requestbngkatende@pucsp.br||rapassi@pucsp.bropendoar:2022-04-28T17:09:32Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Insight: an experimental study with rats |
title |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
spellingShingle |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos Leonardi, Jan Luiz Interconexão de repertórios Resolução de problemas Criatividade Cognição animal Análise do comportamento Insight Interconnection of repertoires Problem solving Creativity Animal cognition Behavior analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
title_short |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
title_full |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
title_fullStr |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
title_sort |
Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos |
author |
Leonardi, Jan Luiz |
author_facet |
Leonardi, Jan Luiz |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Andery, Maria Amália |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4267722J6 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Leonardi, Jan Luiz |
contributor_str_mv |
Andery, Maria Amália |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Interconexão de repertórios Resolução de problemas Criatividade Cognição animal Análise do comportamento |
topic |
Interconexão de repertórios Resolução de problemas Criatividade Cognição animal Análise do comportamento Insight Interconnection of repertoires Problem solving Creativity Animal cognition Behavior analysis CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Insight Interconnection of repertoires Problem solving Creativity Animal cognition Behavior analysis |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL |
description |
Insight has been interpreted in behavior analysis as the sudden resolution of a problem when two or more different repertoires, previously learned separately, interconnect in a new situation without direct training, producing original sequences of behavior. A small body of research has shown some variables which appear to contribute to the production of this phenomenon, but methodological problems, in particular the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation and the delay between response and reinforcer, limit its relevance. Under the light of these considerations, the objective of this research was to investigate the phenomenon of spontaneous interconnection of repertoires (or insight ) with variations in the procedures employed in the area. These were: (a) the object that should be reached by the subjects in the problem-situation was established as a reinforcing stimulus before the phases of testing and training; (b) the delay between the target response (from training and testing) and consumption of the primary reinforcer (water) was reduced by the construction of a drinking magazine that could be moved toward the subject. Two Wistar rats were used as experimental subjects. The equipment and materials were a circular chamber of 69 cm in diameter and 50 cm high, four acrylic cubes coated with black cardboard, a nylon string that drove the movement of the cube along the camera, and a buzzer. The procedure was divided in six phases: (a) training to the drinking magazine, (b) pre-test of insight, (c) training to push the cube, (d) intermediate test of insight, (e) training to climb on the cube and rise, (f) final test of insight. In the test of insight situation, the subject should reach the drinking magazine positioned at the top of the chamber by pushing an acrylic cube in its direction and climbing on the cube to drink. Water were used as reinforcement in a continuous schedule of reinforcement. The results showed that none of the subjects solved the problem in a sudden, direct and continuous way, criteria used to qualify the performance as insight . Nevertheless, the procedure used in this experiment has heuristic value as it represents an attempt to produce the phenomenon without the use of arbitrary objects (which significantly reduces the number of training sessions), and rendered the concept of functional generalization unnecessary. Finally, this research points out obstacles that the area faces in the study of insight , such as the difficulty in replicating Epstein s research and the problems generated by the use of arbitrary objects in the problem-situation, not to mention the limitations imposed by the behavioral interpretation of the phenomenon |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-29 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-10 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-04-29T13:17:36Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Leonardi, Jan Luiz. Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos. 2012. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16637 |
identifier_str_mv |
Leonardi, Jan Luiz. Insight: um estudo experimental com ratos. 2012. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2012. |
url |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16637 |
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
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Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Experimental: Análise do Comportamento |
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PUC-SP |
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BR |
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
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