Controle orçamentário: a institucionalização das análises de variações entre real e orçado como base para a tomada de decisões considerando separadamente a mensuração da variação cambial

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Cufaro, Adriana
• Orientador(a): Oliveira, Antonio Benedito Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais
• Departamento: Ciências Cont. Atuariais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Análise de variação real e orçado; Teoria institucional; Contabilidade gerencial
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Variance analysis; Institutional theory; Managerial accounting
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1510

The objective of this research was to investigate if the variance analysis between actual and plan, considering foreign exchange impact as an element to be measured separately from changes in volume and price was institutionalized. Also, it was tried to understand according to the perceptions of managers and technicians, if variance analysis between actual and plan considering foreign exchange impact measured separated from volume and price is important in the decision process. The combination of several factors such as competition and continuous demand for best results has made the search for suppliers of goods and services goes beyond national borders, and many transactions are conducted in foreign currency. In this context, another element impacting companies results is the exchange variation which is understood as an external economic variable, and also it must be considered in the variance analysis between actual and plan. Thus, variations in volume, price and foreign exchange measure deviations from the goals and they indicate that something, for some reason, did not go as planned. The analysis of those variations together with tangible actions enables managers to realign decisions to achieve the goals. It was studied considering institutional theory approach the habit or routine calculation frequency, dissemination, analysis and discussion of variance analysis of actual and plan and their use for decision. The research adopted Tolbert, Zucker (1997) institutionalization model to categorize the stages (preinstitutionalization, semi-institutionalization and full-institutionalization). It was selected some questions from the questionnaire to categorize the stages and they were analyzed together to indicate the degree or level of variance analysis institutionalization in the decision process. A score was defined for each response and the sum of them generated a thermometer that enabled us to identify the stages of institutionalization of the sample. The results of the thermometer indicated that the technical analysis of variation between actual and plan, considering the foreign exchange as an element to be measured separately from changes in volume and price, is not institutionalized in all companies. According to the perception of the responders is important to measure separately the foreign exchange impact from price and volume variance because it misrepresent the impact of other variations, but frequency of considering variance analysis in the decision making process is not systematic in most of cases. Keywords: Variance Analysis, Institutional Theory, Managerial Accounting