As políticas de desenvolvimento econômico para a redução dos desequilíbrios regionais e a influência desenvolvimentista

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Launay, Martha Malheiro
• Orientador(a): Dowbor, Ladislau
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Economia Política
• Departamento: Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contábeis e Atuariais
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desenvolvimento econômico - Aspectos sociais; Disparidades econômicas regionais; Planejamento regional - Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Economic development - Social aspects; Regional economic disparities; Regional planning – Brazil
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/22129

This study aims to outline the main federal policies between the years 1950 to 1970 and 2003 to 2010 in the light of the developmental dimension, and thus to analyze the effects of such policies in reducing regional imbalances in Brazil. To this end, the study follows two theoretical fronts that converge: firstly, through the ECLAC conception, which approaches the historical process by examining the structural constraints that led the peripheral countries (underdeveloped) to a subordinate relation in the international insertion headed by the central countries (developed) in the International Division of Labor; and second, the issue of development in regional policies is discussed with the main theoreticians of the Regional Economy establishing guidelines with a Keynesian bias of the State, adherent to the developmental theory. When discussing the capitalist formation of Brazil, a territorial ordering is dependent on the international demands, constituting a Territorial Division of Labor. From the sugarcane to the coffee cycle, between the 16th and 20th centuries, the country reinforced its subordination and external vulnerability to the economic oscillations originating in the central countries. This has brought a number of internal problems, such as the issue of regional imbalances, which has led to uneven interregional relations. São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro became the main vectors of economic growth, to the detriment of poorer regions such as the Northeast and North. The study identifies the structural determinants that impede or hamper actions to promote regional development, such as poor articulation of spaces through transportation. In addition, it proposes a new way of thinking about regional development policies, through structural axes that would make it possible to overcome these challenges, as elaborated by the National Policy to Support Local Development (2007). The study, therefore, is delimited with quantitative analysis in the period of the Lula government (2003-2010), with the main socioeconomic indicators by macro-regional cut of the five major regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central West, Southeast and South). As well as analysis of the main programs and policies that have improved social and regional inequalities