Audibilidade para fala e reconhecimento de fala em crianças com deficiência auditiva

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Nayara Thais de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Santos, Teresa Maria Momensohn dos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Fonoaudiologia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Deficiência auditiva; Percepção da fala; Transtornos da articulação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Hearing impairment; Speech perception; Articulation disorders
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18791

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to establish he relation between audibility for speech sounds and speech recognition in children with neurosensory hearing loss using hearing aid. Method: The subjects of this study were 40 children with moderate to severe hearing loss, of both sexes, with chronological age between tive and 12 years. Initially, the factors that may influence the analyzed subjects' performances in speech recognition tests were assessed. The investigated factors were: audibility for speech, according to Speech intelligibility index (SII); chronological age; audiometric characteristics; information regarding audiologic rehabilitation; means of communication and test material. Finally, groups composed by children with similar SII values were compared in order to identify the individual characteristics of each group and the aspects able to distinguish on group from the other. The studied variables were: audiologic and hearing aid use characteristics (time of sensory deprivation and mean hours of daily use) and performance in recognition of words and consonants. Results: The analysis showed that the SII values had a weak to moderate relation with speech recognition results. Regarding the other variables concerning the child, only the audiometric thresholds were also related to the child's behavior on the test, though this relation ,was always weak. There were statistical differences identified in the performances on the speech material, better for words with greater linguistic content. Finally, children in the group with better audibility - GrSII-1 had better performances in the speech recognition test, however, with more heterogeneous results among its members n compared to the group with lower audibility - GrSII-2. GrSII-1's recognition performance was more susceptible to the influence of other factors, such as time of sensory deprivation. The results of the group with lower audibility was more influenced by ifs audiometric limitations since children in this group had more errors than those in the first group, and these errors were mainly for speech segments with low acoustic energy. Conclusion: Audibility for speech, measured based on SII values is related to the performances of neurosensory hearing impaired children using individual hearing aid in speech recognition tests. However, it must be considered that, although this relation exists, SII represents only the speech signal that is accessible and useful through the hearing aid, and is incapable of expressing adverse factors that may influence the performance of children, such as adequate auditory stimulation deprivation or the test's material characteristic