Metáfora e ideologia em O ateneu, de Raul Pompeia: um enfoque crítico da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Vallezi, Nanci de Souza
• Orientador(a): Ikeda, Sumiko Nishitani
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Linguística Aplicada e Estudos da Linguagem
• Departamento: Faculdade de Filosofia, Comunicação, Letras e Artes
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pompeia, Raul [1863-1895] - O ateneu - Crítica e interpretação; Metáfora na literatura; Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pompeia, Raul [1863-1895] - O ateneu - Criticism and interpretation; Metaphor in literature; Systemic-Functional Linguistics
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LINGUISTICA::LINGUISTICA APLICADA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21813

Although it is argued that critical linguistics should examine language as discourse, as text within social conditions of production and interpretation, to be independently identified and examined inasmuch as the text is subordinate to them, it is also possible to reveal these conditions by a linguistic analysis, employing all the methods and instruments that the discipline offers. For this purpose, while paying attention to the lexical and grammatical structures of the text, the analysis must consider these structures within a framework of a constructed metaphor that not only permeates and dominates the whole article (text), but also forms the backbone of its argumentative structure. Structural aspects are seen here as a discrete transformer of one style in another while feeding the construction of a global, dominant metaphor. This penetrating and diffuse metaphor, originated by "minimetaphores", ensures the understanding of the text within a certain ideological perspective. An important aspect of ideology can be linguistically described in terms of the evaluation present in texts, which has been studied under the name of appraisal system, a system that focuses on the writer's positioning in relation to the message and the interlocutor in terms of attitude. The objective of this doctoral thesis is the pragmatic-cognitive critical exam of the construction of ideology in Raul Pompeia's O Ateneu discourse, based on the notions of metaphor and of appraisal. The research aims to answer the following questions: (a) What is the role of the metaphor in the construction of the ideology present in O Ateneu? (b) What lexical grammatical choices regarding appraisal make up the metaphors in this process? (c) How is it made the relation between the lexical grammatical choices of the microstructure of the text and the macrostructure of the ideology and force relations of the discourse made? The results show that there is a greater incidence of metaphors that represent the power of Aristarco, director of Ateneu, creating a negative image of the principal in the reader's mind very subtly; the metaphorical expressions are, in general, evaluated as negative in the form of attitude tokens and, in many cases, ironic. The analysis of the lexical grammatical choices in the microstructure superficializes the author's ideology that the absolute power does not prevail, at a specific time, it is overcome, this can be applied to the microcosm of the Ateneu and the social macrocosm