Gestão de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: um estudo de caso

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Hirata, Erica Watari
• Orientador(a): Morgado, Flávio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação nas Profissões da Saúde
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Qualidade de vida
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Doenças crônicas; Serviços de saúde - Administração; Serviços de promoção da saúde; Chronic diseases; Health services - Management; Health promotion services; Quality of life
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/22082

The aging population, technological advances and innovations have changed people's behavior. Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are multifactorial diseases that develop throughout life and are long lasting, causing millions of premature deaths each year, and are the leading cause of disability in the world. Despite the possibility of prevention, NCDs remain one of the biggest challenges health systems face, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and have been a major concern for local and global organizations. For this reason, these organizations came together to discuss and develop an action plan and goals, with preventive and assistance approaches, with the main objective of preventing aggravations and new cases of NCDs. This work followed professionals with NCDs from Promon Engenharia for six months, through a program of prevention and health promotion, with multiprofessional pillars and visions, aimed at improving the management of NCDs. It is an exploratory, qualitative research using the case study method. The research participants were 10 professionals and 2 retirees. The data were obtained through a questionnaire with closed questions, individual oral interviews, recorded in audio and guided by semi-structured questions; data was also obtained by means of the results of the clinical examinations, the results of the corporal measures of the nutritionist and data of the physical educator. The interviews were analyzed using the Content Analysis method - thematic modality. The results showed that NCDs can be controlled and even avoided, through prevention, promotion and health management programs, in order to obtain improvements and benefits for participants in these programs. Although they are aware of the importance of health, participants rarely participate in actions related to prevention and health promotion programs in their daily lives and especially during the week, due to lack of time or other appointments and errands, or even because of their work, even after the end of the workday. In addition, most participants only felt the need to care for their health after a serious acute illness or to have acquired NCDs, at which time they became effectively responsible for their health, healthy habits and behaviors. Most participants were well aware of their way to behavioral changes to a healthier lifestyle, yet they needed coordination and follow-up, as well as their own tools to work on changing behaviors toward healthy habits. Most participants were able to develop a comprehensive reflection, followed by systematic and continuous mechanisms to promote gradual and important changes in their habits and behaviors. However, it is necessary that future programs include mechanisms and tools that can contribute to greater adherence to programs and / or drug treatments, and that autonomy skills and health empowerment from collaborative networks are addressed and developed so that intuitive and continuous mechanisms for the effective change in lifestyles can be learned in a practical way