A geografia do trabalho informal no centro da cidade de São Paulo nos anos 90

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Ricardo Agnelo de
• Orientador(a): Souza, Gustavo de Oliveira Coelho de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Geografia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Sociais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia do trabalho; Globalização e desemprego; Comércio informal de rua; Revitalização do centro histórico; Geografia urbana > Sao Paulo, Regiao Metropolitana de, SP; Mercado de trabalho > Brasil; Politica urbana > Sao Paulo (cidade); Setor informal (Economia) > Sao Paulo (cidade); Trabalho > Aspectos sociais
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Labor geography; Labor market; Urban geography; Globalization and unemployment; Informal street trade; Historic centre revitalization
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12347

This dissertation succinctly reviews the formation of the national labor market, comprising historical and economical aspects referring to the transitional period from the slavery regime into the immigration and wage earnings process, pointing out the highlights for the coffee cycle, and also the beginning of the manufacturing activities in São Paulo city. Subsequently, we discuss the consolidation of the substitute industry of imports (1930-1970) that strengthened the increasing workers formalization by intense social mobility. Face with the shortcomings of national development project, from the 1980s onwards, it is verified the incapacity of the market to absorb such workers. At this moment, the unemployment begins to become a social issue, generating underemployment and informality. The neoliberal changes were occurring in countries economically advanced, and they were introduced to Brazil in the 1990s, through the following triad: trade openness, deregulation and the State diminish, all of them associated with the low economical increasing, moreover the introduction of new technologies and changes to the organizational paradigm of companies. This conjuncture restricted the employments offer, and these actions unfolded presenting the increase of the heterogeneous labor market precariousness characterized by the depth of the labor exploration rate throughout the low remuneration, the unemployment, the high turnover and the informality. Concerning São Paulo city, the change in its socio-economical trait, considerably decreased the workplaces in the transformation industry. The prevailing economical tendency in the 90s was constituted by the trade and the work section. At this moment, SãoPaulo city conquers the status as global city and metropolis of work. Face with this setting, and aiming at restoring the degraded historic centre, it is flourished the Association Viva o Centro, whose beginning goal it was the salvage the centre lost to other parts of the city and its revitalization as well. Hence, in Viva o Centro leaders opinion, it was important to expel street traders from the centre in order to restore it. Last, it was identified the political position of trade unions referring to informal street work, that is, how they articulate each other face with workers that occupied, in a vulnerable condition, public streets without the Term of Protection and Use (TPU). Therefore, laboring in an illegal way as contumacious victims of the immoral corrupt inspection, deprived of the social protection framework, designing an expressive contingent of workers without any perspective on reintegrating to the formal labor market. We also analyze how the trade union focuses on this serious social issue concerning the non-organized segment of economics that has been increased especially motivated by the extreme unemployment