Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR)
Ano de defesa: | 2019 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Celular e Molecular
|
Departamento: |
Escola de Ci?ncias
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9072 |
Resumo: | The consumption of psychoactive substances that may cause harm to the individual is a medical and social concern since 1925. Nowadays, marijuana still is the most consumed drug worldwide. Despite the decrease of illegal consumption in European countries, in the America continent it is growing. In Brazil, according to reports, approximately 225 thousand kilograms were apprehended by the Brazilian Federal Police. As an illicit drug in most of the countries, marijuana acquisition by consumers occurs through the illicit market. It is estimated that, worldwide, 65 per cent of the organized crime is involved with narcotraffic. One third of Brazilian prison population respond for crimes associated with drugs markets, in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) this number is about one quarter. The marijuana seized in RS come from three main sources: Paraguay, Uruguay, and Marijuana Polygon (region alongside S?o Francisco river that extends between the states of Bahia and Pernambuco). Besides these known paths, a new incoming source can be observed through postal office seeds apprehension in the past few years. The analysis of two 13-loci STR multiplex panels (proposed by Houston and collaborators, 2015 and 2017), 94 samples of Cannabis sativa trafficked in Brazil were investigated. Both systems were effective in individualizing and origin differentiating each sample. The random match probability of two unrelated samples for Panel 2015 and Panel 2017 were one in 65 billion and one in 430 million, respectively. In addition, Panel 2015 correctly classified 99% of all samples according to its region, while Panel 2017 classified 96%. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Panel 2015 clearly distinguish the groups of seizure according to their regions. Overall, the comparison of the forensic results obtained for both panels allowed to observe a significant efficiency improvement in individualization and origin identification of Brazilian samples when using Panel 2015. Utilizing the genotype of all 19 markers, it was possible to identify a genetic variance among the groups concordant with the geographical region of each seizure. In comparison, the analysis of all STR markers collectively showed better results than those obtained with Panel 2015. This gain in informative power was expected, since 7 STRs were added. Although, the effort and cost of analyzing two 13-loci STR systems in order to obtain all 19 loci should be considered and might not be advantageable. In conclusion, Panel 2015 proposed by Houston et al. (2015) demonstrated better results when compared with Panel 2017, being a reliable tool for the Brazilian Police intelligence. |
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Alho, Clarice Sampaiohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9777434407315395Ribeiro, Lucas de Oliveira Pereira2020-01-10T14:43:53Z2019-03-06http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9072The consumption of psychoactive substances that may cause harm to the individual is a medical and social concern since 1925. Nowadays, marijuana still is the most consumed drug worldwide. Despite the decrease of illegal consumption in European countries, in the America continent it is growing. In Brazil, according to reports, approximately 225 thousand kilograms were apprehended by the Brazilian Federal Police. As an illicit drug in most of the countries, marijuana acquisition by consumers occurs through the illicit market. It is estimated that, worldwide, 65 per cent of the organized crime is involved with narcotraffic. One third of Brazilian prison population respond for crimes associated with drugs markets, in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) this number is about one quarter. The marijuana seized in RS come from three main sources: Paraguay, Uruguay, and Marijuana Polygon (region alongside S?o Francisco river that extends between the states of Bahia and Pernambuco). Besides these known paths, a new incoming source can be observed through postal office seeds apprehension in the past few years. The analysis of two 13-loci STR multiplex panels (proposed by Houston and collaborators, 2015 and 2017), 94 samples of Cannabis sativa trafficked in Brazil were investigated. Both systems were effective in individualizing and origin differentiating each sample. The random match probability of two unrelated samples for Panel 2015 and Panel 2017 were one in 65 billion and one in 430 million, respectively. In addition, Panel 2015 correctly classified 99% of all samples according to its region, while Panel 2017 classified 96%. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Panel 2015 clearly distinguish the groups of seizure according to their regions. Overall, the comparison of the forensic results obtained for both panels allowed to observe a significant efficiency improvement in individualization and origin identification of Brazilian samples when using Panel 2015. Utilizing the genotype of all 19 markers, it was possible to identify a genetic variance among the groups concordant with the geographical region of each seizure. In comparison, the analysis of all STR markers collectively showed better results than those obtained with Panel 2015. This gain in informative power was expected, since 7 STRs were added. Although, the effort and cost of analyzing two 13-loci STR systems in order to obtain all 19 loci should be considered and might not be advantageable. In conclusion, Panel 2015 proposed by Houston et al. (2015) demonstrated better results when compared with Panel 2017, being a reliable tool for the Brazilian Police intelligence.O consumo de subst?ncias psicoativas que podem causar depend?ncia ou algum dano ? sa?de do indiv?duo ? uma preocupa??o social e m?dica desde 1925. Atualmente, a maconha ainda ? a droga il?cita mais consumida mundialmente. Apesar da queda no consumo ilegal observada em pa?ses europeus, no continente americano o inverso ? observado. No Brasil, segundo os ?ltimos relat?rios, aproximadamente 225 mil kg de Cannabis sp. foram apreendidos pela Pol?cia Federal. Por tratar-se de uma subst?ncia ilegal em v?rios pa?ses, a aquisi??o dessa droga d?-se atrav?s do mercado il?cito. Mundialmente, estima-se que 65% do crime organizado est? envolvido com o narcotr?fico. No Brasil, um ter?o da popula??o carcer?ria responde pelo crime de tr?fico e no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) esse n?mero ? de 26%. A maconha apreendida no Rio Grande do Sul possu? pelo menos tr?s principais rotas com origens conhecidas: Paraguai, Uruguai e Pol?gono da Maconha (extens?o territorial que contempla cidades da Bahia e Pernambuco, ao longo do rio S?o Francisco). Al?m destas rotas, emerge uma nova forma de tr?fico, vis?vel atrav?s do aumento no n?mero de sementes apreendidas embalagens transportadas via correio nos ?ltimos anos. Atrav?s da an?lise de dois pain?is multiplex de 13-loci STR (propostos por Houston e colaboradores, 2015 e 2017)(HOUSTON et al., 2015, 2017)(HOUSTON et al., 2015, 2017)(HOUSTON et al., 2015, 2017)(HOUSTON et al., 2015, 2017)(HOUSTON et al., 2015, 2017), 94 amostras de Cannabis sativa foram analisadas. Ambos os sistemas analisados foram eficazes em individualizar e rastrear a origem geogr?fica de cada indiv?duo. A chance de duas amostras aleat?rias terem o mesmo gen?tipo no Painel 2015 e no Painel 2017 ? de uma em 65 bilh?es e uma em 430 milh?es, respectivamente. N?o obstante, o Painel 2015 classificou corretamente 99% das amostras, enquanto o Painel 2017 classificou 96%. Para o Painel 2015, a an?lise de coordenadas principais (PCoA) baseadas na dist?ncia gen?tica foi capaz de agrupar os indiv?duos de acordo com a sua origem geogr?fica. De forma geral, a compara??o entre os resultados obtidos permitiu identificar uma melhora significante na efici?ncia em identificar e rastrear, de acordo com a origem, as amostras brasileiras de maconha utilizando o painel proposto em 2015 quando comparado ao Painel 2017. Utilizando o gen?tipo dos 19 STRs foi poss?vel observar uma varia??o gen?tica entre os grupos, concordante com a regi?o geogr?fica de cada apreens?o. Em compara??o, a an?lise dos 19 marcadores de microssat?lites coletivamente demonstrou melhores resultados do que os obtidos pelo Painel 2015. Esse ganho de informa??o ? esperado, dado o acr?scimo de 7 marcadores STR. Contudo, o esfor?o e os custos necess?rios para a an?lise de dois sistemas de 13-loci STR para a obten??o dos 19 loci devem ser avaliados e podem n?o ser vantajosos. Em conclus?o, o Painel 2015 (proposto por Houston e colaboradores em 2015) demonstrou melhores resultados quando comparado ao Painel 2017, podendo ser utilizado como uma ferramenta de intelig?ncia pela Pol?cia brasileira.Submitted by PPG Biologia Celular e Molecular (bcm@pucrs.br) on 2020-01-10T13:38:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_DIS.pdf: 2095221 bytes, checksum: 6d46fb520f6a29c24fbfe40fafaa5cf6 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sarajane Pan (sarajane.pan@pucrs.br) on 2020-01-10T14:38:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_DIS.pdf: 2095221 bytes, checksum: 6d46fb520f6a29c24fbfe40fafaa5cf6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-10T14:43:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_DIS.pdf: 2095221 bytes, checksum: 6d46fb520f6a29c24fbfe40fafaa5cf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-06Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucrs.br:80/tede2/retrieve/177474/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpghttp://tede2.pucrs.br:80/tede2/retrieve/178808/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgporPontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do SulPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Celular e MolecularPUCRSBrasilEscola de Ci?nciasCannabis sativaRastreabilidadeIdentifica??oMicrossat?liteForenseCannabis sativaIdentificationTraceabilityForensicMicrosatelliteCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERALIdentifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisTrabalho ser? publicado como artigo ou livro06 meses10/07/20203463594373552466096500500600-16345593859312446973590462550136975366info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RSinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)instacron:PUC_RSORIGINALDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdfDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdfapplication/pdf2095221http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/8/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf6d46fb520f6a29c24fbfe40fafaa5cf6MD58THUMBNAILDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg4084http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/4/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpg2f193066d8b608d7961dcb6cbfccfd8fMD54DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg6041http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/7/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.jpg2f8f7afef0892d38d16fe87faa4feeabMD57TEXTDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txtDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txttext/plain1181http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/3/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txt40c4df8f404cab87f63b5fe0adb5a883MD53DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.txtDIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.txttext/plain108128http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/6/DIS_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_PEREIRA_RIBEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf.txt0944578d1fe26a3059a7f685fdd5a7faMD56LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8590http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9072/1/license.txt220e11f2d3ba5354f917c7035aadef24MD51tede/90722020-10-19 10:40:40.782oai:tede2.pucrs.br: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/PRIhttps://tede2.pucrs.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.central@pucrs.br||opendoar:2020-10-19T12:40:40Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
title |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
spellingShingle |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) Ribeiro, Lucas de Oliveira Pereira Cannabis sativa Rastreabilidade Identifica??o Microssat?lite Forense Cannabis sativa Identification Traceability Forensic Microsatellite CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
title_short |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
title_full |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
title_fullStr |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
title_sort |
Identifica??o e rastreabilidade de Cannabis sativa por meio de sistema multiplex de microssat?lite (STR) |
author |
Ribeiro, Lucas de Oliveira Pereira |
author_facet |
Ribeiro, Lucas de Oliveira Pereira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Alho, Clarice Sampaio |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9777434407315395 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ribeiro, Lucas de Oliveira Pereira |
contributor_str_mv |
Alho, Clarice Sampaio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Cannabis sativa Rastreabilidade Identifica??o Microssat?lite Forense |
topic |
Cannabis sativa Rastreabilidade Identifica??o Microssat?lite Forense Cannabis sativa Identification Traceability Forensic Microsatellite CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Cannabis sativa Identification Traceability Forensic Microsatellite |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
description |
The consumption of psychoactive substances that may cause harm to the individual is a medical and social concern since 1925. Nowadays, marijuana still is the most consumed drug worldwide. Despite the decrease of illegal consumption in European countries, in the America continent it is growing. In Brazil, according to reports, approximately 225 thousand kilograms were apprehended by the Brazilian Federal Police. As an illicit drug in most of the countries, marijuana acquisition by consumers occurs through the illicit market. It is estimated that, worldwide, 65 per cent of the organized crime is involved with narcotraffic. One third of Brazilian prison population respond for crimes associated with drugs markets, in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) this number is about one quarter. The marijuana seized in RS come from three main sources: Paraguay, Uruguay, and Marijuana Polygon (region alongside S?o Francisco river that extends between the states of Bahia and Pernambuco). Besides these known paths, a new incoming source can be observed through postal office seeds apprehension in the past few years. The analysis of two 13-loci STR multiplex panels (proposed by Houston and collaborators, 2015 and 2017), 94 samples of Cannabis sativa trafficked in Brazil were investigated. Both systems were effective in individualizing and origin differentiating each sample. The random match probability of two unrelated samples for Panel 2015 and Panel 2017 were one in 65 billion and one in 430 million, respectively. In addition, Panel 2015 correctly classified 99% of all samples according to its region, while Panel 2017 classified 96%. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Panel 2015 clearly distinguish the groups of seizure according to their regions. Overall, the comparison of the forensic results obtained for both panels allowed to observe a significant efficiency improvement in individualization and origin identification of Brazilian samples when using Panel 2015. Utilizing the genotype of all 19 markers, it was possible to identify a genetic variance among the groups concordant with the geographical region of each seizure. In comparison, the analysis of all STR markers collectively showed better results than those obtained with Panel 2015. This gain in informative power was expected, since 7 STRs were added. Although, the effort and cost of analyzing two 13-loci STR systems in order to obtain all 19 loci should be considered and might not be advantageable. In conclusion, Panel 2015 proposed by Houston et al. (2015) demonstrated better results when compared with Panel 2017, being a reliable tool for the Brazilian Police intelligence. |
publishDate |
2019 |
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2019-03-06 |
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2020-01-10T14:43:53Z |
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