Análise da tele-educação interativa em tuberculose no Município de Praia Grande

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Bernardes, Luzana Mackevicius
• Orientador(a): Martins , Lourdes Conceição
• Banca de defesa: Martins , Lourdes Conceição, Lorandi, Paulo Ângelo, Galesi, Vera Maria Neder, Braga, Alfésio Luís Ferreira, Pereira, Luiz Alberto Amador
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Santos
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: tecnologias da informação e comunicação; telessaúde; tele-educação; educação permanente; tuberculose; política pública de saúde
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA
• Link de acesso: https://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/2241

The Telessaúde (Tele-health) emerges as one of the possibilities of Information Technology and Communication (ICT) applied to human health. Thus, tele-education is implemented as one of the actions for tele-health and it is the focus of this study. It starts from the assumption that this tool has permeated the whole building process of the Programa Telessaúde Brasil Redes (Brazil Tele-health Program ¿ Networks), mainly because it is a program with the goal of contributing to the continuing education of healthcare professionals. Whereas the teleeducation actions promote the integration between Higher Education Institutions (IES) and the healthcare services, and that this process may result in changes of practices in daily professional routine, Santos Catholic University (Unisantos) sees its potential with the development of a distance learning course. This educational modality is made available to the municipality of Praia Grande, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Therefore, this study aims to know the process to implement the interactive tele-education on tuberculosis as a tele-health tool in the municipality of Praia Grande. Other goals are added to this research with the purpose of: a) explaining the use of interactive tele-education by the healthcare providers; b) identifying the strengths and difficulties experienced by the healthcare providers in the use of this tool; c) reviewing the impact of interactive tele-education in healthcare providers daily work; and d) analyzing the implementation of tele-health as a public policy. In the course of meeting these goals, the methodological approach to this study is the exploratory descriptive research with qualitative approaches. The descriptive analysis of the study variables was also done. The research universe is comprised of eleven professionals from the primary healthcare sector who participated in the distance learning course on tuberculosis, and four administrators from the basic healthcare sector. Data collection is performed using a semistructured questionnaire with questions that can provide with the necessary components to the research. The interviews are processed in light of the content analysis of the theory. The study reveals the need for constant updating of knowledge. In addition to reporting the convenience of access to information, the individuals emphasize the tool as a mean to avoid relocating and, therefore, it facilitates their daily work. The individuals also refer to the acquisition of new knowledge and the updating of the content already learned in college. They mention the development of critical thinking about the information acquired in order to apply it later in their daily work. Most of the research subjects report changes in work performance after the course through actual examples. Changes in the patient approach and exchange of experiences among professionals, and further reflection of their role in tuberculosis control are some of the examples mentioned. The study also shows that structural, organizational, and political aspects are also factors that hinder the implementation and expansion of tele-health in Brazil. With regard to the structural aspect, they mention the difficulty of access to the internet and the limited number of computers in healthcare facilities. The organizational aspect refers to a new process of work, and the paradigm shift related to technology acceptance. Politically, it highlights the role of both the local healthcare services administrator as well as of the basic healthcare services administrators as key parts in this process. It is further observed the lack of scientific production, especially in reference to the economic impact generated for the healthcare networks, as well as the analysis of the tele-health implementation as a public policy and its relationship with other professional training programs that link the need to expand the studies in these thematic areas.