Cuidado à saúde na gestação : saberes e práticas populares de gestantes participantes de ação educativa em unidade de saúde da família em Piracicaba-SP

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Regina Machado de
• Orientador(a): Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Câmpus São Carlos
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação - PPGE
• Palavras-chave em Português: Processos educativos; Cuidado à saúde; Educação popular; Gestação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Educational Processes; Care to the health; Popular education; Pregnancy
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/20.500.14289/8310

The Health care is characterised as a social practice – where the people who learn and teach – influenced from values and culture, that vary according to the social groups and the family, economic and social system. In the pregnancy, the woman experiences several changes, becoming a propitiated period for restructuration, including the way that she cares about her health. The objective of this research is the understanding of the meanings of the popular practical’s and knowledge of the pregnancy’s health, starting from the perspective of the pregnant women that attended an educational action at a Unit of Family’s Health (USF) from Piracicaba. This is a research with a qualitative approach and inspired in the assumptions of the participative observation, having as collaborators, five pregnant women, whose made part in the course offered in the USF São Francisco, in which the researcher was inserted. The database collection occurred in the period of October 2014 to July 2015 and involved chat groups and interviews in depth, that were recorded and reproduced. The analysis of the data were based in the Thematic Analysis. For the collaborators, the health is related to the wellbeing and self-care, involving physical, emotional and psychological aspects. The pregnancy was described as like a magic moment, a momento of joy, grace and achievements, but scary in the beginning involving adaptation and difficult moments. They felt more sensitive, anxious, with intense emotions, ambiguous and unsteady. As positive points, they have mentioned the interaction with the baby and a better treatment received form the Family and the unfamiliar. Among the practices considered positives, appeared healthy food and water intake; physical exercises; prenatal, tests and vaccines; rest. The practices considered damaging, were to be nervous; marital fights; excessive physical attempts; consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and/or drugs. Although they praise healthy food, the food culture and the habits dominated and the collaborators claimed that ate what they felt like eating. The main highlighted discomforts were sickness and nausea; pain in the legs, backache and headache; low pressure and difficulty to sleep. Among the practices to minimize, were to be more selective in what to eat, be alone, lay down, put the feet up, breath, rest, find other positions to sleep. The majority avoided to use medicine during the pregnancy, perhaps they were afraid to prejudice the foetus, perhaps because of the side effects or even inefficiency. In relation to the educational processes related to the health care, the collaborators mentioned that learned with relatives (specially women), colleagues, experienced people, health professionals, sharing knowledge, through the intimacy, talks, warnings; lectures, lessons, courses and queries; internet research, mobile applicative and television programmes. When living the maternity, they claimed that they felt more mature, wise, responsible, more careful and also more kind and comprehensive with other people, noticing priority changes, in the way of thinking and facing the world and the problems, retrospection their values. This research, besides the investigation of the knowledge and popular practices, also clarified the form, with who and where the women learned and taught about the health care. Thus, we aim to bring contributions to the health and educational area, encouraging the popular education, the humanization, the dialogue and the shared construction of knowledge.