Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados.
Ano de defesa: | 2021 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Católica de Pernambuco
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais
|
Departamento: |
Departamento de Pós-Graduação
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1407 |
Resumo: | Spills of petroleum products and heavy metals are considered toxic to ecosystems by they contain large amounts of xenobiotics. Among the possible solutions, for the treatment of these pollutants, are the use of constructed wetlands, where it is possible to carry out phytoremediation processes, and the use of biosurfactants, which are biodegradable tensoactive agents. In this context, macrophytes of the species Eichhornia crassipes, plants that impact the environment by proliferating rapidly, were investigated in the treatment of these pollutants in the formation of wetlands and as a source of surfactants. Initially, the efficiency of a hybrid system by dissolved air flotation and wetlands was evaluated in the treatment of industrial oily water. Then, root residues from wetlands were reused in the extraction of surfactants. The presence of surfactant in the concentrated plant extract was studied, as well as toxicity tests using as bioindicators the microcrustacean Artemia salina and the seeds of Brassica oleracea, emulsification activity (motor oil, diesel, n-hexadecane, kerosene, corn oil and soybean oil), stability against pH, temperature and salinity and the chemical composition of the plant extract were carried out. In addition, the vegetal extract was applied to remove petroleum derivative (motor oil) in sand through kinetic and static tests, in the dispersion of the motor oil in sea water and in the removal of heavy metals in synthetic effluent (Pb, Cu and Zn). The efficiency obtained in the prototypes was 97% of oil removal. The obtained surface tension was 27.57 mN/m and the motor oil’s emulsification indexes reached 65%, indicating a great affinity of the plant surfactant to the oil. The stability tests of the vegetal extract showed little variation in its surface tension for all conditions tested. The plant Critical Micellar Concentration was 1.4 g/L with a surface tension at that point of 25.84 mN/m. E. crassipes extract proved to be practically non-toxic to the tested bioindicators. The concentration of the plant surfarfactant (saponin) obtained was 1.29 g/L in the plant extract and the chemical characterization of this purified extract indicated that it falls into the category of unsaturated fatty acid. The plant extract was able to disperse 100% of the motor oil in sea water. The percentage of motor oil removed in sand reached around 67% and the percentage of heavy metals removed approached 55%. The results obtained in this research clearly demonstrate the feasibility of applying E. crassipes as a biotechnological agent for environmental remediation processes. |
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Sarubbo, Leonie AsforaSilva, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares daSantos, Valdemir Alexandre dosAlmeida, Fabíola Carolina Gomes deSelva Filho, Alexandre Augusto Paredes2021-06-01T13:07:37Z2021-03-01SELVA FILHO, Alexandre Augusto Paredes; SILVA, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares da. Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados . 2021. 193 f. Universidade Católica de Pernambuco. Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação. Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais, 2021.http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1407Spills of petroleum products and heavy metals are considered toxic to ecosystems by they contain large amounts of xenobiotics. Among the possible solutions, for the treatment of these pollutants, are the use of constructed wetlands, where it is possible to carry out phytoremediation processes, and the use of biosurfactants, which are biodegradable tensoactive agents. In this context, macrophytes of the species Eichhornia crassipes, plants that impact the environment by proliferating rapidly, were investigated in the treatment of these pollutants in the formation of wetlands and as a source of surfactants. Initially, the efficiency of a hybrid system by dissolved air flotation and wetlands was evaluated in the treatment of industrial oily water. Then, root residues from wetlands were reused in the extraction of surfactants. The presence of surfactant in the concentrated plant extract was studied, as well as toxicity tests using as bioindicators the microcrustacean Artemia salina and the seeds of Brassica oleracea, emulsification activity (motor oil, diesel, n-hexadecane, kerosene, corn oil and soybean oil), stability against pH, temperature and salinity and the chemical composition of the plant extract were carried out. In addition, the vegetal extract was applied to remove petroleum derivative (motor oil) in sand through kinetic and static tests, in the dispersion of the motor oil in sea water and in the removal of heavy metals in synthetic effluent (Pb, Cu and Zn). The efficiency obtained in the prototypes was 97% of oil removal. The obtained surface tension was 27.57 mN/m and the motor oil’s emulsification indexes reached 65%, indicating a great affinity of the plant surfactant to the oil. The stability tests of the vegetal extract showed little variation in its surface tension for all conditions tested. The plant Critical Micellar Concentration was 1.4 g/L with a surface tension at that point of 25.84 mN/m. E. crassipes extract proved to be practically non-toxic to the tested bioindicators. The concentration of the plant surfarfactant (saponin) obtained was 1.29 g/L in the plant extract and the chemical characterization of this purified extract indicated that it falls into the category of unsaturated fatty acid. The plant extract was able to disperse 100% of the motor oil in sea water. The percentage of motor oil removed in sand reached around 67% and the percentage of heavy metals removed approached 55%. The results obtained in this research clearly demonstrate the feasibility of applying E. crassipes as a biotechnological agent for environmental remediation processes.Os derramamentos de petroderivados e metais pesados são considerados tóxicos para os ecossistemas, por apresentarem grandes quantidades de xenobióticos. Dentre as possíveis soluções para o tratamento desses poluentes, estão os wetlands contruídos, através dos quais é possível realizar processos de fitorremediação, e o uso de biossurfactantes, que são agentes tensoativos biodegradáveis. Nesse contexto, as macrófitas da espécie Eichhornia crassipes, plantas que impactam o meio ambiente por se proliferarem rapidamente, foram investigadas no tratamento desses poluentes na formação de wetlands e como fonte de surfactantes. Inicialmente, a eficiência de um sistema híbrido por um flotador de ar dissolvido e wetlands foi avaliado no tratamento de água oleosa industrial. Em seguida, os resíduos de raízes provenientes dos wetlands foram reaproveitados na extração de surfactantes. A presença de surfactante no extrato vegetal concentrado foi estudada, assim como foram realizados testes de toxicidade utilizando como bioindicadores o microcrustáceo Artemia salina e as sementes de Brassica oleracea, atividade de emulsificação (óleo motor, diesel, nhexadecano, querosene, óleo de milho e de soja), estabilidade frente a pH, temperatura e salinidade e a composição química do extrato vegetal. Além disso, o extrato vegetal foi aplicado na remoção de petroderivado (óleo motor) em areia através de ensaios cinéticos e estáticos, na dispersão do óleo motor na água do mar e na remoção de metais pesados em efluente sintético (Pb, Cu e Zn). A eficiência obtida nos protótipos foi de 97% de remoção de óleo. A tensão superficial obtida foi de 27,57 mN/m e a taxa de emulsificação de óleo motor alcançou 65%, indicando grande afinidade do surfactante vegetal pelo óleo. Os testes de estabilidade do extrato vegetal demonstraram pouca variação em sua tensão superficial para todas as condições testadas. A Concentração Micelar Crítica (CMC) vegetal foi de 1,4 g/L com uma tensão superficial nesse ponto de 25,84 mN/m. O extrato de E. crassipes provou ser praticamente atóxico para os bioindicadores testados. A concentração do surfactante vegetal (saponina) obtida foi de 1,29 g/L no extrato vegetal e a caracterização química desse extrato purificado indicou que o mesmo se enquadra na categoria de ácido graxo insaturado. O extrato vegetal foi capaz de dispersar 100% do óleo de motor em água do mar. O percentual de óleo motor removido em areia atingiu cerca de 67% e o percentual de metais pesados removidos aproximou-se de 55%. Os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa demonstram claramente a viabilidade de aplicação da E. crassipes como agente biotecnológico para os processos de remedição ambiental.Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2021-06-01T13:07:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Ok_alexandre_augusto_paredes_selva_filho.pdf: 2735944 bytes, checksum: d3bc690a4397a67db3ba5bc578b607e5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-01T13:07:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Ok_alexandre_augusto_paredes_selva_filho.pdf: 2735944 bytes, checksum: d3bc690a4397a67db3ba5bc578b607e5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-03-01Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESConselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqFundação de Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco - FACEPEapplication/pdfporUniversidade Católica de PernambucoMestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos AmbientaisUNICAPBrasilDepartamento de Pós-Graduaçãohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDissertaçõesAguapé (Botânica)BiossurfactantesFlotaçãoMetais pesadosPetróleo - DerivadosDissertationsWater hyacinth (Botany)BiosurfactantsFlotationHeavy metalsOil - DerivativesCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERALAplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis7773858030179640429500500600600600600-8854052368273140835-16345593859312446972075167498588264571-2555911436985713659-9146389366456179781reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAPinstname:Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)instacron:UNICAPORIGINALOk_alexandre_augusto_paredes_selva_filho.pdfOk_alexandre_augusto_paredes_selva_filho.pdfapplication/pdf2735944http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1407/5/Ok_alexandre_augusto_paredes_selva_filho.pdfd3bc690a4397a67db3ba5bc578b607e5MD55CC-LICENSElicense_urllicense_urltext/plain; charset=utf-849http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1407/2/license_url4afdbb8c545fd630ea7db775da747b2fMD52license_textlicense_texttext/html; charset=utf-80http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1407/3/license_textd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD53license_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-80http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1407/4/license_rdfd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82170http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/bitstream/tede/1407/1/license.txt5d71329502a0e313f28be890c62f4ad8MD51tede/14072021-06-01 10:07:37.471oai:tede2.unicap.br:tede/1407Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.unicap.br:8080/http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/oai/requestbiblioteca@unicap.br||biblioteca@unicap.bropendoar:46462021-06-01T13:07:37Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNICAP - Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
title |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
spellingShingle |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. Selva Filho, Alexandre Augusto Paredes Dissertações Aguapé (Botânica) Biossurfactantes Flotação Metais pesados Petróleo - Derivados Dissertations Water hyacinth (Botany) Biosurfactants Flotation Heavy metals Oil - Derivatives CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
title_short |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
title_full |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
title_fullStr |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
title_sort |
Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados. |
author |
Selva Filho, Alexandre Augusto Paredes |
author_facet |
Selva Filho, Alexandre Augusto Paredes |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Sarubbo, Leonie Asfora |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares da |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Valdemir Alexandre dos |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Almeida, Fabíola Carolina Gomes de |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Selva Filho, Alexandre Augusto Paredes |
contributor_str_mv |
Sarubbo, Leonie Asfora Silva, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares da Santos, Valdemir Alexandre dos Almeida, Fabíola Carolina Gomes de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Dissertações Aguapé (Botânica) Biossurfactantes Flotação Metais pesados Petróleo - Derivados |
topic |
Dissertações Aguapé (Botânica) Biossurfactantes Flotação Metais pesados Petróleo - Derivados Dissertations Water hyacinth (Botany) Biosurfactants Flotation Heavy metals Oil - Derivatives CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Dissertations Water hyacinth (Botany) Biosurfactants Flotation Heavy metals Oil - Derivatives |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL |
description |
Spills of petroleum products and heavy metals are considered toxic to ecosystems by they contain large amounts of xenobiotics. Among the possible solutions, for the treatment of these pollutants, are the use of constructed wetlands, where it is possible to carry out phytoremediation processes, and the use of biosurfactants, which are biodegradable tensoactive agents. In this context, macrophytes of the species Eichhornia crassipes, plants that impact the environment by proliferating rapidly, were investigated in the treatment of these pollutants in the formation of wetlands and as a source of surfactants. Initially, the efficiency of a hybrid system by dissolved air flotation and wetlands was evaluated in the treatment of industrial oily water. Then, root residues from wetlands were reused in the extraction of surfactants. The presence of surfactant in the concentrated plant extract was studied, as well as toxicity tests using as bioindicators the microcrustacean Artemia salina and the seeds of Brassica oleracea, emulsification activity (motor oil, diesel, n-hexadecane, kerosene, corn oil and soybean oil), stability against pH, temperature and salinity and the chemical composition of the plant extract were carried out. In addition, the vegetal extract was applied to remove petroleum derivative (motor oil) in sand through kinetic and static tests, in the dispersion of the motor oil in sea water and in the removal of heavy metals in synthetic effluent (Pb, Cu and Zn). The efficiency obtained in the prototypes was 97% of oil removal. The obtained surface tension was 27.57 mN/m and the motor oil’s emulsification indexes reached 65%, indicating a great affinity of the plant surfactant to the oil. The stability tests of the vegetal extract showed little variation in its surface tension for all conditions tested. The plant Critical Micellar Concentration was 1.4 g/L with a surface tension at that point of 25.84 mN/m. E. crassipes extract proved to be practically non-toxic to the tested bioindicators. The concentration of the plant surfarfactant (saponin) obtained was 1.29 g/L in the plant extract and the chemical characterization of this purified extract indicated that it falls into the category of unsaturated fatty acid. The plant extract was able to disperse 100% of the motor oil in sea water. The percentage of motor oil removed in sand reached around 67% and the percentage of heavy metals removed approached 55%. The results obtained in this research clearly demonstrate the feasibility of applying E. crassipes as a biotechnological agent for environmental remediation processes. |
publishDate |
2021 |
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2021-06-01T13:07:37Z |
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2021-03-01 |
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SELVA FILHO, Alexandre Augusto Paredes; SILVA, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares da. Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados . 2021. 193 f. Universidade Católica de Pernambuco. Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação. Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais, 2021. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/1407 |
identifier_str_mv |
SELVA FILHO, Alexandre Augusto Paredes; SILVA, Rita de Cássia Freire Soares da. Aplicação da Eichhornia Crassipes no tratamento de ambientes contaminados por petroderivados . 2021. 193 f. Universidade Católica de Pernambuco. Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação. Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Processos Ambientais, 2021. |
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