Interoperabilidade de dados médicos com blockchain, FHIR e IPFS: eficiência, rastreabilidade e inovação

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Marcelo José de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Silva, Ana Paula Bernardi da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Governança, Tecnologia e Inovação
• Departamento: Escola de Educação, Tecnologia e Comunicação
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Interoperabilidade de dados médicos; Interoperabilidade na saúde; Blockchain na saúde; Padrão FHIR; Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados - LGPD; Tecnologia da informação em saúde; Segurança da informação em saúde; Prontuário médico eletrônico
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Medical data interoperability; Health interoperability; Blockchain in healthcare; FHIR standard; Health information technology; Health information security; Electronic health records
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::CIENCIA DA INFORMACAO
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/3799

This dissertation presents a medical data interoperability model based on the integration of blockchain technology, IPFS, and the FHIR standard, with emphasis on efficiency, traceability, and innovation. The research begins with a systematic review and bibliometric analyses conducted in international databases, highlighting limitations of traditional interoperability models, particularly in the context of fragmented health information systems in Brazil. In accordance with the guidelines of the Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), the laws, and regulations governing electronic health records, this work proposes a distributed architecture that employs a public blockchain, smart contracts, RESTful APIs, and the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard data structures to ensure transparency, auditability, immutability, and regulatory compliance. The adoption of a public network enhances decentralization and system resilience, allowing healthcare institutions to operate as independent nodes without the need for a central authority or federated control. The study follows the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology, combining theoretical foundations with the development of a functional proof of-concept prototype to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the proposed solution. The results indicate that the use of a public blockchain combined with FHIR reduces redundancies, mitigates clinical errors, facilitates audits, increases the reliability of health records, and supports clinical decision-making by enabling fast and secure access to the patient’s longitudinal history. Furthermore, the model strengthens digital health by fostering real interoperability among heterogeneous systems, reducing operational costs, and enabling a more transparent and efficient ecosystem. The proposed solution provides significant contributions to the advancement of connected health in Brazil and establishes a solid foundation for future applications in real clinical environments and advanced research.