Vivências de passageiros idosos: preconceito e desafios no uso do transporte público

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Moura, Alda Abrahão Faiad de
• Orientador(a): Freitas, Eduarda Rezende
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Psicologia
• Departamento: Escola de Saúde e Medicina
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pessoa idosa; Etarismo; Transporte público urbano; Mobilidade urbana; Passageiro
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Elderly individual; Ageism; Urban public transportation; Passenger
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/3710

Urban public transportation is a relevant service for people of all ages. The elderly, however, encounter many challenges in using them, despite existing laws and norms. Considering this, this thesis examines the experiences of elderly passengers in urban public transportation in the Federal District and its surrounding areas, focusing on the challenges they face and the forms of discrimination they experience. To achieve its objectives, the thesis is structured into two quantitative articles and one book chapter of a qualitative approach. The articles included the participation of 109 individuals aged between 60 and 84 years, who were users of public transportation in the investigated region. In the first text, a socio-demographic questionnaire and one on the use of urban buses were utilized. Among other results, bus delays were reported, along with drivers who do not wait for elderly passengers to sit down before accelerating, and younger passengers who do not give up their seats for elderly users. Over 30% reported having suffered mistreatment or witnessed violent situations against other elderly users. In general, the results reveal the presence of ageism, evident through discriminatory attitudes, and the poor quality of the service. The second article addressed discrimination in public transportation in the Federal District and surrounding areas, using items of the Ageism Survey and a demographic questionnaire. All forms of discrimination investigated were experienced by at least 10% of the sample, with more than 30% reporting that they had suffered violence in public transportation. Gender, age, education, living alone, and the distance from the bus stop to home were variables that were related to some of the discrimination experiences investigated. Therefore, the need for actions against ageism and for adaptations in transportation services to promote more inclusive urban mobility is evident. Finally, the book chapter contextualizes the reality of public transportation in Brasília, relating it to population aging and current district legislation. To this end, it features the participation of five elderly passengers residing in different administrative regions of the Federal District. Through the narratives, feelings of fear, frustration, and humiliation became evident. Episodes were reported in which bus drivers ignore it when elderly passengers signal from the stop, or drive recklessly, along with youngsters refusing to give up their seats to the elderly. Difficult access to information about routes and schedules was another remarkable element, especially among elderly passengers with little digital familiarity. In general, the result of this thesis bridge an important gap in scientific literature, particularly in the Brazilian literature, about ageism and other challenges faced by the elderly in public transportation, giving that population a voice. Its results reinforce the need for educational actions, both for the general population and for professionals in public transportation. Moreover, the thesis gives emphasis to the importance of having greater monitoring in place for compliance with existing public policies for public transportation related to elderly users. Ensuring dignified and affordable transportation is a matter of social justice and an essential condition for active aging.