Câncer pediátrico e família: estudo da dinâmica familiar e transmissão geracional tendo o câncer pediátrico como estressor horizontal impredizível

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Cunha Júnior, Acimar Gonçalves da
• Orientador(a): Penso, Maria Aparecida
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Psicologia
• Departamento: Escola de Saúde e Medicina
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Câncer pediátrico; Dinâmica familiar; Subsistemas familiares; Transgeracionalidade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pediatric cancer; Family dynamics; Family subsystems; Transgenerationality
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/3402

Cancer in children and adolescents (from 0 to 19 years old) is considered rare when compared to cancer in adults, accounting for between 2% and 3% of all malignant tumors registered. The theme of this thesis is pediatric cancer and its impact on family dynamics, which are understood from the power relations, affectivity, hierarchy, rules, roles, and communication that are established at the marital, parental, fraternal, and filial levels. Considering the complexity and severity of the occurrence of cancer in a child of a given family, an epistemological position was chosen for this research based on the assumptions of Systemic Thinking, considering the theoretical contributions of Minuchin's Structural Family Therapy, Multigenerational Family Therapy by Bowen and Carter and McGoldrick's Family Life Cycle concept. Anchored in the concepts presented, the thesis defended here is the family one regarding the relationships in their marital, parental, filial, and fraternal subsystems, identifying the family patterns of coping with the disease in the current family and the family of origin. The research was conducted under a qualitative approach. The sample is made up of the fact that pediatric cancer constitutes an important unpredictable horizontal stressor, producing anxiety in the family as it progresses in time. Thus, the general objective of the present research was to examine the meaning of pediatric cancer as an unpredictable horizontal stressor on the dynamics of all members (father, mother, and siblings) of families with a child between 4 and 12 years old with the confirmed diagnosis of cancer and who is being treated at the Pediatric Oncology Unit of the Hospital da Criança de Brasília (HCB). For data collection and generation, observation during immersion in the context, semi-structured interview, genogram, and procedure for drawing families with stories (DF-E) were used. In this research, two analytical dimensions were used. The first is based on concepts in the light of Bardin's proposal (2011), going through a pre-analysis process, allowing the emergence of analytical codes and categories. The second was based on the IRaMuTeQ (Interface of R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) considering the Descending Hierarchical Classification, in which segments of the text and vocabulary were correlated forming a hierarchical scheme of classes expressed through the Similitude Analysis, making it possible to identify the co-occurrences between the words and the connection between them. The results of the study revealed that pediatric cancer is an unpredictable stressor in the family life cycle, contextualized in a systemic perspective of understanding the structure and functioning of the family. When there is a child with cancer and undergoing treatment, parental stress, social isolation, overprotective behaviors towards the child are identified, evidencing increased risks for marital dysfunction, as well as for psychological maladjustments in all family members, even in healthy siblings. The perspective of generational transmission of patterns of coping with the disease also looms, with potentialized affective involvement and family belief systems around the experience of faith and deepening of moments of spirituality.