Positivismo jurídico versus neoconstitucionalismo: superação do primeiro pelo segundo?

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Figueiredo, João Batista de
• Orientador(a): Valle, Maurício Dalri Timm do
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Católica de Brasília
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa Stricto Sensu em Direito
• Departamento: Escola de Humanidades, Negócios e Direito
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Teorias do direito; Positivismo jurídico; Pós-positivismo; Antipositivismo; Não-positivismo; Moralismo jurídico; Neoconstitucionalismo
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Legal theories; Legal positivism; Post-positivism; Antipositivism; Nonpositivism; Legal moralism; Neoconstitutionalism
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/3539

This dissertation seeks to answer the question of whether, after all, Legal Positivism, as an explanatory theory of law, is surpassed by the legal doctrine of Neoconstitutionalism. The research hypothesis initially proposed and supported throughout this dissertation is that no; the second does not overcome the first as a legal doctrine. To support and demonstrate the hypothesis initially stated, such schools of legal thought are presented throughout this work, giving emphasis to their relevant characteristics and their central theses, also highlighting the development of each of them and the strong criticisms formulated by antipositivists, notably Brazilian neoconstitutionalists, to Juspositivism, with the firm purpose of mischaracterizing it as a theory of law. At the conclusion of this dissertation it is possible to respond to each of the criticism formulated by the legal positivists' theoretical opponents in an adequate and satisfactory way, rejecting them and making it possible to conclude by reaffirming the hypothesis initially raised, in the sense that Legal Positivism was not surpassed as a theory of law by Neoconstitutionalism, but strengthened as a result of updates. Legal Positivism has undergone transformations and developments over the last few decades, in order to prove its capacity for being a school of legal thought apt to adequately explain the legal phenomenon as it presents itself in the current phase of the history of constitutional States of law, with their rigid constitutions, control of the constitutionality of laws and impregnated with moral values positivized in their texts in the form of legal principles, with aim to protect fundamental human rights and which are transfered to the courts constitutional protection and control of such rights, removing them from the control and majority action of parliaments.