Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2017
Autor(a) principal: Alencar, Rodrigo Maciel
Orientador(a): Não Informado pela instituição
Banca de defesa: Não Informado pela instituição
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
Brasil
UEA
Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Não Informado pela instituição
Departamento: Não Informado pela instituição
País: Não Informado pela instituição
Palavras-chave em Português:
Microbioma intestinal.
antibióticos
Yanomami
Biotecnologia
Link de acesso: https://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2199
Resumo: The human gut houses millions of bacteria, which together are known as microbiome or intestinal flora. Investigating the human gut microbiome of traditional communities brings us relevant information on how the ancestral microbiome states were in early human civilizations and how changes occurred over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomically of traditional Amerindian societies within the Brazilian Amazon and verify the resistance profile of Escherichia coli against the antibiotics most used by medicine. For this, fecal samples were collected from 18 Yanomami Indians living in villages in the areas of Roraima and Amazonas, and 12 non-Yanomami individuals living in Manaus. Initially, a new generation sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA region was carried out, which allowed the taxonomic identification of the bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiome. The resistance of E. coli, isolated from fecal samples, was evaluated against seven antibiotics of modern medicine (Ampicillin, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cephalexin, Kanamycin, Gentamicin and Tetracycline) by antibiogram. A difference was found between the Yanomami population and Manaus population when compared to the main genera found in the composition of the intestinal microbiome, especially in relation to the bacteria characteristic of populations with traditional lifestyle, such as Prevotella and Treponema. In relation to the susceptibility profile of E. coli, high levels of resistance were observed by the Yanomami bacteria, only Gentamicin was able to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. Differently from the bacteria of Manaus individuals, who presented a sensitivity profile for six of the seven antibiotics tested. Despite the contact with the urbanized populations, the Yanomami of the Brazilian territory still maintains in their intestinal microbioma the bacteria of a traditional community. Key words: Gut microbiome, Antibiotics Resistance, Yanomami.
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spelling Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileiraMicrobioma intestinal.antibióticosYanomamiBiotecnologiaThe human gut houses millions of bacteria, which together are known as microbiome or intestinal flora. Investigating the human gut microbiome of traditional communities brings us relevant information on how the ancestral microbiome states were in early human civilizations and how changes occurred over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomically of traditional Amerindian societies within the Brazilian Amazon and verify the resistance profile of Escherichia coli against the antibiotics most used by medicine. For this, fecal samples were collected from 18 Yanomami Indians living in villages in the areas of Roraima and Amazonas, and 12 non-Yanomami individuals living in Manaus. Initially, a new generation sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA region was carried out, which allowed the taxonomic identification of the bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiome. The resistance of E. coli, isolated from fecal samples, was evaluated against seven antibiotics of modern medicine (Ampicillin, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cephalexin, Kanamycin, Gentamicin and Tetracycline) by antibiogram. A difference was found between the Yanomami population and Manaus population when compared to the main genera found in the composition of the intestinal microbiome, especially in relation to the bacteria characteristic of populations with traditional lifestyle, such as Prevotella and Treponema. In relation to the susceptibility profile of E. coli, high levels of resistance were observed by the Yanomami bacteria, only Gentamicin was able to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. Differently from the bacteria of Manaus individuals, who presented a sensitivity profile for six of the seven antibiotics tested. Despite the contact with the urbanized populations, the Yanomami of the Brazilian territory still maintains in their intestinal microbioma the bacteria of a traditional community. Key words: Gut microbiome, Antibiotics Resistance, Yanomami.O intestino humano abriga milhões de bactérias, que em conjunto são conhecidas como microbioma ou flora intestinal. Investigar o microbioma intestinal humano de comunidades tradicionais nos traz informações relevantes de como eram os estados ancestrais do microbioma nas primeiras civilizações humanas e como ocorreram as mudanças ao longo do tempo. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar taxonomicamente o microbioma intestinal de comunidades ameríndias tradicionais Yanomami dentro da Amazônia brasileira e verificar o perfil de resistência de Escherichia coli contra os antibióticos mais utilizados pela medicina. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras fecais de 18 indígenas Yanomami moradores em aldeias nas áreas dos estados de Roraima e Amazonas, e de 12 indivíduos não-Yanomami moradores da cidade de Manaus-AM. Inicialmente, após a extração de DNA bacteriano das fezes, foi realizada uma análise por sequenciamento de nova geração da região 16S do rRNA, que permitiu a identificação taxonômica das bactérias que compõem o microbioma intestinal. Em seguida foi avaliada a resistência de E. coli, isoladas diretamente das amostras fecais, contra sete antibióticos da medicina moderna (Ampicilina, Penicilina, Ciprofloxacina, Cefalexina, Canamicina, Gentamicina e Tetraciclina) através de antibiograma. Foi encontrada uma diferença entre a população Yanomami e a população de Manaus quando comparado os principais gêneros encontrados na composição do microbioma intestinal, principalmente em relação as bactérias características de populações com estilo de vida tradicional, como Prevotella e Treponema. Já em relação ao perfil de susceptibilidade de E. coli, foram observados altos níveis de resistência por parte das bactérias dos Yanomami, apenas Gentamicina foi capaz de inibir o crescimento das bactérias de todos os indivíduos Yanomami. Diferentemente das bactérias dos indivíduos de Manaus, que apresentaram um perfil de sensibilidade para seis dos sete antibióticos testados. Apesar do contato com as populações urbanizadas, os Yanomami do território brasileiro ainda mantêm no seu microbioma intestinal as bactérias de uma comunidade tradicional. Palavras chave: Microbioma intestinal, Resistência aos antibióticos, YanomamiUniversidade do Estado do AmazonasBrasilUEAPós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos NaturaisRezende, Cleiton FantinMartínez, José GregorioRezende, Cleiton FantinAssunção, Enedina Nogueira deRodrigues, Fabíola da CostaAlencar, Rodrigo Maciel2020-03-17T18:57:16Z2024-09-05T17:30:34Z2020-03-162020-03-17T18:57:16Z2017-12-14info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttps://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2199porREFERÊNCIAS BRADY, C.; CLEENWERCK, I.; VENTER, S.; COUTINHO, T.; DE VOS, P. 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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
title Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
spellingShingle Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
Alencar, Rodrigo Maciel
Microbioma intestinal.
antibióticos
Yanomami
Biotecnologia
title_short Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
title_full Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
title_fullStr Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
title_full_unstemmed Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
title_sort Caracterização taxonômica do microbioma bacteriano intestinal de comunidades ameríndias na Amazônia brasileira
author Alencar, Rodrigo Maciel
author_facet Alencar, Rodrigo Maciel
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Rezende, Cleiton Fantin
Martínez, José Gregorio
Rezende, Cleiton Fantin
Assunção, Enedina Nogueira de
Rodrigues, Fabíola da Costa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Alencar, Rodrigo Maciel
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Microbioma intestinal.
antibióticos
Yanomami
Biotecnologia
topic Microbioma intestinal.
antibióticos
Yanomami
Biotecnologia
description The human gut houses millions of bacteria, which together are known as microbiome or intestinal flora. Investigating the human gut microbiome of traditional communities brings us relevant information on how the ancestral microbiome states were in early human civilizations and how changes occurred over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomically of traditional Amerindian societies within the Brazilian Amazon and verify the resistance profile of Escherichia coli against the antibiotics most used by medicine. For this, fecal samples were collected from 18 Yanomami Indians living in villages in the areas of Roraima and Amazonas, and 12 non-Yanomami individuals living in Manaus. Initially, a new generation sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA region was carried out, which allowed the taxonomic identification of the bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiome. The resistance of E. coli, isolated from fecal samples, was evaluated against seven antibiotics of modern medicine (Ampicillin, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cephalexin, Kanamycin, Gentamicin and Tetracycline) by antibiogram. A difference was found between the Yanomami population and Manaus population when compared to the main genera found in the composition of the intestinal microbiome, especially in relation to the bacteria characteristic of populations with traditional lifestyle, such as Prevotella and Treponema. In relation to the susceptibility profile of E. coli, high levels of resistance were observed by the Yanomami bacteria, only Gentamicin was able to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. Differently from the bacteria of Manaus individuals, who presented a sensitivity profile for six of the seven antibiotics tested. Despite the contact with the urbanized populations, the Yanomami of the Brazilian territory still maintains in their intestinal microbioma the bacteria of a traditional community. Key words: Gut microbiome, Antibiotics Resistance, Yanomami.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017-12-14
2020-03-17T18:57:16Z
2020-03-16
2020-03-17T18:57:16Z
2024-09-05T17:30:34Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2199
url https://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2199
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv REFERÊNCIAS BRADY, C.; CLEENWERCK, I.; VENTER, S.; COUTINHO, T.; DE VOS, P. Taxonomic evaluation of the genus Enterobacter based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA): proposal to reclassify E. nimipressuralis and E. amnigenus into Lelliottia gen. nov. as Lelliottia nimipressuralis comb. nov. and Lelliottia amnigena comb. nov., respectively, E. gergoviae and E. pyrinus into Pluralibacter gen. nov. as Pluralibacter gergoviae comb. nov. and Pluralibacter pyrinus comb. nov., respectively, E. cowanii, E. radicincitans, E. oryzae and E. arachidis into Kosakonia gen. nov. as Kosakonia cowanii comb. nov., Kosakonia radicincitans comb. nov., Kosakonia oryzae comb. nov. and Kosakonia arachidis comb. nov., respectively, and E. turicensis, E. helveticus and E. pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, v. 36, n. 5, p. 309-319, 2013. CHAKRABORTI, C.K. 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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivados 3.0 Brasil
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivados 3.0 Brasil
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
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Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
Brasil
UEA
Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)
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reponame_str Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)
collection Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA) - Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bibliotecacentral@uea.edu.br
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