Prevalência de infecção associada ao cateter temporário para hemodiálise entre pacientes em um hospital do Norte do Paraná

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Borges, Palmiane de Rezende Ramim
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Insuficiência renal; Diálise renal; Infecções; Prevenção e controle; Cateter; Infecções relacionadas ao cateter; Norte do Paraná; Paraná (Estado); Brasil.; Renal Insufficiency; Renal Dialysis; Catheter-Related Infections; northern Paraná; Paraná (State); Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde; Enfermagem
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2440

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment with hemodialysis requires permanent vascular access that can last several months or even years. Temporary access by catheters is used in cases of acute renal failure, which require immediate vascular access or in cases of CKD patients who have complications with permanent access. Temporary access is associated with higher infection rates and time of hospitalization, higher costs, reduced survival time and worse clinical results. This study aims at establishing the prevalence of temporary catheter-related infections among kidney patients during hemodialysis treatment in a hospital in the north of Parana. This is a prospective research which has used sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical data from medical records. 129 patients being treated in the hospital, who have had a catheter inserted between November 2012 and May 2013, aged 18 years of age and older, male and female, suffering from chronic kidney disease or acute renal failure, took part in this research. The data were tabulated and treated using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 15.0. For sample characterization, it was performed a descriptive statistic, data verification of normality and logistic regression followed by odds ratio test. For all analysis, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant, with confidence interval of 95%. Among the patients who had the catheter inserted, 48.8% suffered from catheter-related infections, 65% were male, 65% were 60 years of age and older, 85% had the catheter because they were diagnosed with acute renal failure and 88% were hospitalized in intensive care unit. The main microorganisms which cause infection, identified in hemocultures and in catheter tip cultures, were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanni, Klebsiella ozaenae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticcus. The high rate of infection prevalence found in this group is worrying. However, most of the diagnosis was defined using varied criteria, not gold standard, which establishes that the culture of the catheter tip is performed. The standardization of the diagnostic methods will lead to more congruent results. The constant search for the root causes of the infection process and medical staff good practice will help lower the prevalence of catheter-related infection.