Compreensão fenomenológica existencial da dor oncológica vivenciada por idosos : perspectivas para os cuidados de enfermagem

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Reticena, Kesley de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Brasil; Departamento de Enfermagem; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UEM; Maringá, PR; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Idoso; Dor; Neoplasias; Enfermagem; Brasil.; Elderly people; Pain; Neoplasms; Nursing; Brazil.; Ciências da Saúde
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/2343

The aging of the population is one of the most relevant demographic events in the world. At the same time there is also a change in the epidemiological profile of the population with a predominance of chronic diseases such as cancer which weakens a great part of the elderly population and impacts life quality due to the consequences in its development and treatment. Pain is one of the main results characterized by biopsychosocial and spiritual inabilities and impairment of people who experience it. The importance of nursing care is self-evident since nurses may lessen cancer pain in the elderly and improve their life quality. Current analysis comprises the experience with cancer pain suffered by the elderly and tries to understand the expectations of the elderly with cancer pain related to care developed by nursing. Current qualitative research, based on Heidegger´s phenomenology, comprises 12 elderly people from a municipality in the northwestern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, who were interviewed between November 2013 and February 2014. The elderly people were questioned as follows: "How are you experiencing pain at this moment in your life?" and "How do you want to be taken care of by nurses when you have pain at this moment in your life?". Data analysis was performed at two methodological instances, characterized by vague and medium comprehension and by interpretative interpretation. The anonymity of the elderly was maintained by fictitious names looked for in the lexicon. The study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in research of the State University of Maringá by Protocol 256.521/2013. Analyses of results provided two articles, or rather, "Experience of the elderly with cancer pain: a comprehensive existential approach", with two ontological themes, namely "Cancer pain: From prison to impositions experienced by the elderly and revealing the anguish in living with cancer pain"; and "Care giving in nursing from the point of view of the elderly with cancer pain", with two themes, or rather, transmitting the path for the nurse´s authentic care and the influence of nursing care in the elderly´s cancer pain. The interpretation of the discourse of the interviewed showed that cancer-derived pain is a type of prison for the elderly since it deprives them from life´s routine, making them stick to their bed, with effects on diet, sleep, social relationship and humor. In fact, they seek death as a relief from pain. While experiencing the anguish of pain, the elderly revealed their expectation for care derived from nursing. They showed the way to be followed by health professionals within the context of authentic and humanized care. It is directed not merely against the physical symptoms of the elderly but to all the dimensions of the human being. Such care may interfere on their coping with the disease and pain.