Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água
Ano de defesa: | 2010 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia UEM Maringá, PR Departamento de Agronomia |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1215 |
Resumo: | The drip irrigation prompt application of water makes it possible to obtain a very high efficiency of water use, provided it is properly scaled. There are several factors that directly interfere in the movement of soil water, some factors influence the way that the wet bulb takes. Some are from the soil itself, such as soil texture, soil density and structure, among others. Others are related to the system itself, such as flow rate of emitters, positioning them in relation to the soil surface, time and volume of water application. Stevia is a culture that has gained over the years, promising markets in terms of non-caloric sugars, industrially extracted from its leaves, to be added in food and beverage products mainly. This work was conducted at the State University of Maringá (UEM) aiming to seek evidence for the correct sizing of drip irrigation systems for stevia cultivation in sandy soil in the region of northwest in Paraná state. Thus, the soil was packed in containers, in which TDR probes were installed. These cases were subjected to frequent irrigations during a period of 8.0 consecutive hours, with emitters of different flow rates (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1) arranged on the surface and subsurface (0.15 m depth). The presented results allowed evaluating the dimensions of wet bulb in the soil. In treatments in which the transmitter was on the surface, the ideal saturated disk for meeting the needs of the culture was formed at 4.5, 3.0, 2.5 and 0.5 hours for the flow rates of 1.0, 2, 0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1, respectively, after the beginning of water application. When the used emitter was in the subsurface, these little values differed for the flow rates of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 Lh-1, but for the flow rates of 6.0 and 8.0 Lh-1 this condition was met 3.0 hours after the beginning of the irrigation, being characterized by large losses of water mainly in depth. The obtained results showed that the studied combinations between flown application and the position of the emitters, allow the identification of a combination that is suitable for designing the system of drip irrigation for the stevia cultivation, respecting the culture characteristics, in terms of spacing and water demand. It is also concluded that flows up to 4.0 Lh-1 are more appropriate, particularly with located transmitter on the surface. Use of higher flow rates, particularly with buried transmitters, has great potential to promote unacceptable percolation losses and therefore should be avoided. |
id |
UEM-10_4d99e834a99d64faef1395f07fb52839 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:localhost:1/1215 |
network_acronym_str |
UEM-10 |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de águaIrrigação por gotejamentoBulbo úmidoSolo arenosoEstéviaTime Domain Reflectometry (TDR)Paraná(Estado)Brasil.Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)Drip irrigationSand soilParanáStateBrazil.Ciências AgráriasAgronomiaThe drip irrigation prompt application of water makes it possible to obtain a very high efficiency of water use, provided it is properly scaled. There are several factors that directly interfere in the movement of soil water, some factors influence the way that the wet bulb takes. Some are from the soil itself, such as soil texture, soil density and structure, among others. Others are related to the system itself, such as flow rate of emitters, positioning them in relation to the soil surface, time and volume of water application. Stevia is a culture that has gained over the years, promising markets in terms of non-caloric sugars, industrially extracted from its leaves, to be added in food and beverage products mainly. This work was conducted at the State University of Maringá (UEM) aiming to seek evidence for the correct sizing of drip irrigation systems for stevia cultivation in sandy soil in the region of northwest in Paraná state. Thus, the soil was packed in containers, in which TDR probes were installed. These cases were subjected to frequent irrigations during a period of 8.0 consecutive hours, with emitters of different flow rates (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1) arranged on the surface and subsurface (0.15 m depth). The presented results allowed evaluating the dimensions of wet bulb in the soil. In treatments in which the transmitter was on the surface, the ideal saturated disk for meeting the needs of the culture was formed at 4.5, 3.0, 2.5 and 0.5 hours for the flow rates of 1.0, 2, 0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1, respectively, after the beginning of water application. When the used emitter was in the subsurface, these little values differed for the flow rates of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 Lh-1, but for the flow rates of 6.0 and 8.0 Lh-1 this condition was met 3.0 hours after the beginning of the irrigation, being characterized by large losses of water mainly in depth. The obtained results showed that the studied combinations between flown application and the position of the emitters, allow the identification of a combination that is suitable for designing the system of drip irrigation for the stevia cultivation, respecting the culture characteristics, in terms of spacing and water demand. It is also concluded that flows up to 4.0 Lh-1 are more appropriate, particularly with located transmitter on the surface. Use of higher flow rates, particularly with buried transmitters, has great potential to promote unacceptable percolation losses and therefore should be avoided.A irrigação por gotejamento torna possível a obtenção de níveis muito elevados de eficiência do uso da água, desde que seja adequadamente dimensionado. Diferentes fatores interferem nas dimensões que o bulbo úmido assume, alguns são próprios do solo enquanto outros estão relacionados à engenharia do sistema, como vazão dos emissores, posicionamento dos mesmos em relação à superfície do solo, tempo e volume de aplicação da água. A estévia é uma cultura que tem ganhado, ao longo dos anos, mercados promissores em função dos açúcares, não calóricos, extraídos industrialmente de suas folhas, para adição em produtos alimentícios e bebidas principalmente. Com o propósito de se buscar elementos para o correto dimensionamento de sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento para o cultivo da estévia em solo arenoso da região noroeste do estado do Paraná, conduziu-se este trabalho na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Para tanto, o solo foi acondicionado em recipientes, nos quais foram instaladas sondas de TDR. Estas caixas foram submetidas a irrigações freqüentes durante um período de 8,0 horas consecutivas, com emissores de diferentes vazões (1, 2, 4, 6, 8 Lh-1) dispostos em superfície e subsuperfície (0,15 m de profundidade). Os resultados apresentados permitiram avaliar as dimensões do bulbo úmido no solo. Nos tratamentos em que o emissor se encontrava na superfície, o disco saturado ideal, para atendimento das necessidades da cultura, de 0,13m2 , foi formado em 4,5; 3,0; 2,5 e 0,5 horas para as vazões de 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 Lh-1, respectivamente, após início da aplicação de água. Quando o emissor utilizado encontrava-se em subsuperfície, estes valores poucos diferiram para as vazões de 1, 2 e 4, Lh-1, porém, para as vazões de 6 e 8 Lh-1 esta condição foi atendida 3,0 horas após o início da irrigação, sendo caracterizada por grandes perdas da água em profundidade. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que as combinações estudadas, entre vazão aplicada e posição do emissor, permitem a identificação de uma combinação que seja adequada para se projetar o sistema de irrigação por gotejamento para a cultura da estévia, respeitadas as características da cultura, em termos de espaçamentos e de demanda hídrica. Conclui-se também que vazões de até 4 Lh-1 são mais adequadas, particularmente com emissor posicionado na superfície. Utilização de maiores vazões, particularmente com emissores enterrados, tem grande potencial para promover inaceitáveis perdas por percolação, devendo ser evitadas.viii, 67 fUniversidade Estadual de MaringáBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaUEMMaringá, PRDepartamento de AgronomiaAntônio Carlos Andrade GonçalvesPaulo Sérgio Lourenço de Freitas [Co-orientador] - UEMRoberto Rezende - UEMRogério Teixeira de Faria - IAPARAlves, Daniel Soares2018-04-04T19:46:36Z2018-04-04T19:46:36Z2010info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1215porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)instacron:UEM2018-04-04T19:46:36Zoai:localhost:1/1215Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.uem.br:8080/oai/requestopendoar:2024-04-23T14:54:07.720049Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
title |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
spellingShingle |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água Alves, Daniel Soares Irrigação por gotejamento Bulbo úmido Solo arenoso Estévia Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Paraná (Estado) Brasil. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Drip irrigation Sand soil Paraná State Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Agronomia |
title_short |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
title_full |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
title_fullStr |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
title_sort |
Dimensões do bulbo úmido em solo arenoso, em função de diferentes vazões e tempos de aplicação de água |
author |
Alves, Daniel Soares |
author_facet |
Alves, Daniel Soares |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Antônio Carlos Andrade Gonçalves Paulo Sérgio Lourenço de Freitas [Co-orientador] - UEM Roberto Rezende - UEM Rogério Teixeira de Faria - IAPAR |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Alves, Daniel Soares |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Irrigação por gotejamento Bulbo úmido Solo arenoso Estévia Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Paraná (Estado) Brasil. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Drip irrigation Sand soil Paraná State Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Agronomia |
topic |
Irrigação por gotejamento Bulbo úmido Solo arenoso Estévia Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Paraná (Estado) Brasil. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Drip irrigation Sand soil Paraná State Brazil. Ciências Agrárias Agronomia |
description |
The drip irrigation prompt application of water makes it possible to obtain a very high efficiency of water use, provided it is properly scaled. There are several factors that directly interfere in the movement of soil water, some factors influence the way that the wet bulb takes. Some are from the soil itself, such as soil texture, soil density and structure, among others. Others are related to the system itself, such as flow rate of emitters, positioning them in relation to the soil surface, time and volume of water application. Stevia is a culture that has gained over the years, promising markets in terms of non-caloric sugars, industrially extracted from its leaves, to be added in food and beverage products mainly. This work was conducted at the State University of Maringá (UEM) aiming to seek evidence for the correct sizing of drip irrigation systems for stevia cultivation in sandy soil in the region of northwest in Paraná state. Thus, the soil was packed in containers, in which TDR probes were installed. These cases were subjected to frequent irrigations during a period of 8.0 consecutive hours, with emitters of different flow rates (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1) arranged on the surface and subsurface (0.15 m depth). The presented results allowed evaluating the dimensions of wet bulb in the soil. In treatments in which the transmitter was on the surface, the ideal saturated disk for meeting the needs of the culture was formed at 4.5, 3.0, 2.5 and 0.5 hours for the flow rates of 1.0, 2, 0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 Lh-1, respectively, after the beginning of water application. When the used emitter was in the subsurface, these little values differed for the flow rates of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 Lh-1, but for the flow rates of 6.0 and 8.0 Lh-1 this condition was met 3.0 hours after the beginning of the irrigation, being characterized by large losses of water mainly in depth. The obtained results showed that the studied combinations between flown application and the position of the emitters, allow the identification of a combination that is suitable for designing the system of drip irrigation for the stevia cultivation, respecting the culture characteristics, in terms of spacing and water demand. It is also concluded that flows up to 4.0 Lh-1 are more appropriate, particularly with located transmitter on the surface. Use of higher flow rates, particularly with buried transmitters, has great potential to promote unacceptable percolation losses and therefore should be avoided. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2010 2018-04-04T19:46:36Z 2018-04-04T19:46:36Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1215 |
url |
http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/1215 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia UEM Maringá, PR Departamento de Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia UEM Maringá, PR Departamento de Agronomia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) instacron:UEM |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
instacron_str |
UEM |
institution |
UEM |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1797150415400206336 |