NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2014
Autor(a) principal: Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de lattes
Orientador(a): Carvalho, Benjamim de Melo lattes
Banca de defesa: Cintho, Osvaldo Mitsuyuki lattes, Cruz, Sandra Andrea lattes
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciências de Materiais
Departamento: Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Materiais
País: BR
Palavras-chave em Português:
Palavras-chave em Inglês:
Área do conhecimento CNPq:
Link de acesso: http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1436
Resumo: Nowadays, polymeric nanocomposites are well established in terms of their importance. However, there is still a long way to be investigated, since its methods for obtaining, processing and characterization, as there are many variables to be changed to optimize the responses. There is need in understanding the behavior of such materials when subjected to degradative processes, such as nanoparticles influence responses, and maximize or minimize the occurrence of these effects. In this work the behavior of neat polypropylene, polypropylene with organically modified montmorillonite, with and without the presence of a coupling agent (polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride) when subjected to reprocessing in a twin screw extruder. It was investigated the effect of molar mass of the polypropylene matrix. For this purpose, three types of polypropylenes (high, middle and low molar mass) were processed one, or up to five times. Compositions were prepared neat or with 5% by weight montmorillonite, with and without the presence of coupling agent in the ratio 3:1. The properties is going to be investigated by the techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, rheology, infrared spectroscopy by Fourier transform, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, tests of Izod impact and colorimetry. First of all, it was proved the presence of iron in the nanoclay, which affects the color of the sample due to oxidation of the iron cation. It was found that the samples became darker, redder, and more yellow because of the presence of the nanoparticles, iron and degradation. These results agreed with the changes observed by infrared spectroscopy, which generally showed low occurrence of the degradation rates of carbonyl and unsaturation, concluding that the greatest degradation occurred by the reduction in molar mass due to the β -scission process, confirming the reduction the values of complex viscosity. It was possible to monitor via rheology by different modes narrowing of the distribution of molar masses and the reduction in molar mass. Along with this information the values and behaviors of the slopes of the curves allowed us to infer the possible microstructure formed state of dispersion and distribution. XRD results indicated the formation of only a sample with an increase in the interlayer spacing, while the rheological results suggest that there is more than one sample with intercalated structure. Thus, there was a little difficulty using just one technique among them to state what actually occurred, concluding that it is essential to perform the technique of transmission electron microscopy. Addition of MMT and MMT / PP - g-MA afforded more thermally stable samples compared to pure PP, this was attributed to the effect of labyrinth. Finally, the impact resistance by the addition of montmorillonite was greater, it means that the clay did not act as stress concentrators, but as energy absorbers and hindered propagation of microcracks. But with PP-g-MA had a fracture behavior intermediate between PP and PP/MMT, with intermediate values of impact resistance. The fracture analysis was possible via SEM and allows to observe the morphology of the different samples.
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spelling Carvalho, Benjamim de MeloCPF:75749343634http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727019Y0Pinheiro, Luis AntonioCPF:01667954962http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4767148J7Cintho, Osvaldo MitsuyukiCPF:09591892896http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702973U6Cruz, Sandra AndreaCPF:18215472842http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4792010A2CPF:06661448938http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4207067J9Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de2017-07-21T20:42:41Z2014-02-062017-07-21T20:42:41Z2014-01-07LIMA, Carlos Alberto Silva de. NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES. 2014. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Materiais) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2014.http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1436Nowadays, polymeric nanocomposites are well established in terms of their importance. However, there is still a long way to be investigated, since its methods for obtaining, processing and characterization, as there are many variables to be changed to optimize the responses. There is need in understanding the behavior of such materials when subjected to degradative processes, such as nanoparticles influence responses, and maximize or minimize the occurrence of these effects. In this work the behavior of neat polypropylene, polypropylene with organically modified montmorillonite, with and without the presence of a coupling agent (polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride) when subjected to reprocessing in a twin screw extruder. It was investigated the effect of molar mass of the polypropylene matrix. For this purpose, three types of polypropylenes (high, middle and low molar mass) were processed one, or up to five times. Compositions were prepared neat or with 5% by weight montmorillonite, with and without the presence of coupling agent in the ratio 3:1. The properties is going to be investigated by the techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, rheology, infrared spectroscopy by Fourier transform, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, tests of Izod impact and colorimetry. First of all, it was proved the presence of iron in the nanoclay, which affects the color of the sample due to oxidation of the iron cation. It was found that the samples became darker, redder, and more yellow because of the presence of the nanoparticles, iron and degradation. These results agreed with the changes observed by infrared spectroscopy, which generally showed low occurrence of the degradation rates of carbonyl and unsaturation, concluding that the greatest degradation occurred by the reduction in molar mass due to the β -scission process, confirming the reduction the values of complex viscosity. It was possible to monitor via rheology by different modes narrowing of the distribution of molar masses and the reduction in molar mass. Along with this information the values and behaviors of the slopes of the curves allowed us to infer the possible microstructure formed state of dispersion and distribution. XRD results indicated the formation of only a sample with an increase in the interlayer spacing, while the rheological results suggest that there is more than one sample with intercalated structure. Thus, there was a little difficulty using just one technique among them to state what actually occurred, concluding that it is essential to perform the technique of transmission electron microscopy. Addition of MMT and MMT / PP - g-MA afforded more thermally stable samples compared to pure PP, this was attributed to the effect of labyrinth. Finally, the impact resistance by the addition of montmorillonite was greater, it means that the clay did not act as stress concentrators, but as energy absorbers and hindered propagation of microcracks. But with PP-g-MA had a fracture behavior intermediate between PP and PP/MMT, with intermediate values of impact resistance. The fracture analysis was possible via SEM and allows to observe the morphology of the different samples.Nanocompósitos poliméricos são materiais bem estabelecidos do ponto de vista da sua importância, mas ainda há um longo caminho a ser investigado, desde seus métodos de obtenção, processamento e caracterização, pois existem muitas variáveis a serem alteradas para otimização das respostas apresentadas por esses materiais. Há também uma necessidade em compreender o comportamento de tais materiais quando submetidos a processos degradativos, como as nanocargas influenciam o comportamento, bem como maximizar ou minimizar determinados desempenhos. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o comportamento das composições de polipropileno puro, polipropileno com montmorilonita, com e sem agente compatibilizante (polipropileno graftizado com anidrido maleico) quando submetidos a múltiplas extrusões em extrusora dupla rosca; investigando ainda o efeito da massa molar da matriz polimérica. Para tanto, três tipos de polipropilenos com diferentes massas molares (baixa, média e alta) foram processados uma, ou em até cinco vezes. As composições elaboradas foram puras ou com 5% de montmorilonita em peso, com e sem a presença de agente compatibilizante na razão 3:1. Em seguida, as amostras foram investigadas por meio das técnicas de difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, reometria de placas paralelas, espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier, termogravimetria, ensaios de impacto Izod com entalhe e colorimetria. Primeiramente comprovou-se a presença de ferro na nanoargila, o qual afetou a coloração das amostras, devido à oxidação do cátion de ferro. Verificou-se que as amostras tornaram-se mais escuras, mais vermelhas e mais amarelas, por causa da presença das nanopartículas, do ferro e da degradação. Estes resultados concordaram com as variações observadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho, que em geral revelou pouca ocorrência de degradação pelos índices de carbonila e insaturação, concluindo que a maior degradação ocorreu pela redução na massa molar, devido ao processo de cisão-β, comprovado pela redução nos valores de viscosidade complexa. Foi possível via reologia acompanhar por diferentes modos o estreitamento da distribuição de massas molares e a redução na massa molar. Juntamente com essas informações os valores das inclinações e comportamentos das curvas permitiram inferir sobre a possível microestrutura formada, estado de dispersão e distribuição. Os resultados de DRX indicaram a formação de apenas uma amostra com aumento no espaçamento interlamelar, enquanto que os resultados reológicos apresentaram indícios de haver mais de uma amostra com estrutura intercalada. Deste modo, ocorreu uma pequena dificuldade em utilizar apenas uma técnica entre elas para afirmar o que de fato ocorreu, concluindo que é imprescindível a realização da técnica de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A adição de MMT ou MMT/PP-g-AM permitiu obter amostras termicamente mais estáveis em relação ao PP puro, isso se atribuiu ao efeito de labirinto. Finalmente, a resistência ao impacto com a adição de montmorilonita foi maior, ou seja, não atuaram como concentradores de tensão, mas auxiliaram na absorção de energia e dificultando a propagação de microfissuras. Já com PP-g-AM ocorreu um comportamento de fratura intermediário entre PP e PP/MMT, apresentando valores intermediários de resistência ao impacto. A análise da fratura foi possível via MEV, além de permitir observar a morfologia das diferentes amostras.Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:42:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Alberto Silva de LIma.pdf: 3634642 bytes, checksum: 8583be31697ada29693d8e5c36b484b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-07Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSAPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciências de MateriaisUEPGBRDesenvolvimento e Caracterização de Materiaisnanocompósitospolipropilenomontmorilonitamassa molarreprocessamentonanocompositespolypropylenemontmorillonitemolar massreprocessingCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICANANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARESinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPGinstname:Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)instacron:UEPGORIGINALCarlos Alberto Silva de LIma.pdfapplication/pdf3634642http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/bitstream/prefix/1436/1/Carlos%20Alberto%20Silva%20de%20LIma.pdf8583be31697ada29693d8e5c36b484b5MD51prefix/14362017-07-21 17:42:41.863oai:tede2.uepg.br:prefix/1436Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/PUBhttp://tede2.uepg.br/oai/requestbicen@uepg.br||mv_fidelis@yahoo.com.bropendoar:2017-07-21T20:42:41Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPG - Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
title NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
spellingShingle NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de
nanocompósitos
polipropileno
montmorilonita
massa molar
reprocessamento
nanocomposites
polypropylene
montmorillonite
molar mass
reprocessing
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
title_short NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
title_full NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
title_fullStr NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
title_full_unstemmed NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
title_sort NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES
author Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de
author_facet Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Carvalho, Benjamim de Melo
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv CPF:75749343634
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727019Y0
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Pinheiro, Luis Antonio
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID.fl_str_mv CPF:01667954962
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4767148J7
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Cintho, Osvaldo Mitsuyuki
dc.contributor.referee1ID.fl_str_mv CPF:09591892896
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702973U6
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Cruz, Sandra Andrea
dc.contributor.referee2ID.fl_str_mv CPF:18215472842
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4792010A2
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv CPF:06661448938
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4207067J9
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Lima, Carlos Alberto Silva de
contributor_str_mv Carvalho, Benjamim de Melo
Pinheiro, Luis Antonio
Cintho, Osvaldo Mitsuyuki
Cruz, Sandra Andrea
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv nanocompósitos
polipropileno
montmorilonita
massa molar
reprocessamento
topic nanocompósitos
polipropileno
montmorilonita
massa molar
reprocessamento
nanocomposites
polypropylene
montmorillonite
molar mass
reprocessing
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv nanocomposites
polypropylene
montmorillonite
molar mass
reprocessing
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
description Nowadays, polymeric nanocomposites are well established in terms of their importance. However, there is still a long way to be investigated, since its methods for obtaining, processing and characterization, as there are many variables to be changed to optimize the responses. There is need in understanding the behavior of such materials when subjected to degradative processes, such as nanoparticles influence responses, and maximize or minimize the occurrence of these effects. In this work the behavior of neat polypropylene, polypropylene with organically modified montmorillonite, with and without the presence of a coupling agent (polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride) when subjected to reprocessing in a twin screw extruder. It was investigated the effect of molar mass of the polypropylene matrix. For this purpose, three types of polypropylenes (high, middle and low molar mass) were processed one, or up to five times. Compositions were prepared neat or with 5% by weight montmorillonite, with and without the presence of coupling agent in the ratio 3:1. The properties is going to be investigated by the techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, rheology, infrared spectroscopy by Fourier transform, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, tests of Izod impact and colorimetry. First of all, it was proved the presence of iron in the nanoclay, which affects the color of the sample due to oxidation of the iron cation. It was found that the samples became darker, redder, and more yellow because of the presence of the nanoparticles, iron and degradation. These results agreed with the changes observed by infrared spectroscopy, which generally showed low occurrence of the degradation rates of carbonyl and unsaturation, concluding that the greatest degradation occurred by the reduction in molar mass due to the β -scission process, confirming the reduction the values of complex viscosity. It was possible to monitor via rheology by different modes narrowing of the distribution of molar masses and the reduction in molar mass. Along with this information the values and behaviors of the slopes of the curves allowed us to infer the possible microstructure formed state of dispersion and distribution. XRD results indicated the formation of only a sample with an increase in the interlayer spacing, while the rheological results suggest that there is more than one sample with intercalated structure. Thus, there was a little difficulty using just one technique among them to state what actually occurred, concluding that it is essential to perform the technique of transmission electron microscopy. Addition of MMT and MMT / PP - g-MA afforded more thermally stable samples compared to pure PP, this was attributed to the effect of labyrinth. Finally, the impact resistance by the addition of montmorillonite was greater, it means that the clay did not act as stress concentrators, but as energy absorbers and hindered propagation of microcracks. But with PP-g-MA had a fracture behavior intermediate between PP and PP/MMT, with intermediate values of impact resistance. The fracture analysis was possible via SEM and allows to observe the morphology of the different samples.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2014-02-06
2017-07-21T20:42:41Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2014-01-07
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2017-07-21T20:42:41Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv LIMA, Carlos Alberto Silva de. NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES. 2014. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Materiais) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2014.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1436
identifier_str_mv LIMA, Carlos Alberto Silva de. NANOCOMPÓSITOS DE POLIPROPILENO E MONTMORILONITA: EFEITO DE MÚLTIPLAS EXTRUSÕES E DIFERENTES MASSAS MOLARES. 2014. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Materiais) - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, Ponta Grossa, 2014.
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