As formas de transmissão do HIV/AIDS determinando representações: um estudo de enfermagem entre adolescentes soropositivo

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Barreto, Monique Marrafa Muniz
• Orientador(a): Oliveira, Denize Cristina de
• Banca de defesa: Lisboa, Marcia Tereza Luz , Marques, Sergio Corrêa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
• Departamento: Centro Biomédico::Faculdade de Enfermagem
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Adolescentes; HIV; AIDS; Enfermagem - Pesquisa; AIDS (Doença) em adolescentes; Representações sociais
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Adolescents; HIV; AIDS
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11205

This study aimed to analyze and make a comparison between the HIV / AIDS psychosocial incorporation among HIV-positive adolescents in two different ways of transmission: sexual and vertical. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, based on the theory of social representations in social psychology perspective. Thirty HIV-positive adolescents treated at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro were studied . It was used as a technique for data collection semi-structured interviews and two data collection instruments: a questionnaire for the characterization of the subjects and a thematic guide who guided the interviews. The interviews were taped, transcribed and content analyzed according to the thematic content analysis technique. The study result showed that the meaning of HIV / AIDS for the subjects, a general review, is marked by predominantly negative feelings like fear and suffering. Some mental images like death and destruction were common to both groups as well as the bias against HIV / AIDS and it was an important representational content. By comparing the two groups it is possible to realize that the most frequently shown elements in the representation of adolescents infected through sexual intercourse are suffering and fear, with a dimension imagery associated with death. Condom use is also another remarkable representational content in the speeches of this group. Sexuality is embodied in the representation related to issues with it after discovering the virus. In the opposite way, teenagers infected by vertical transmission had as the most present and shaping elements the acceptance of the disease. The treatment becomes an important content of representation for this group, relating it to health care and immunodeficiency. It follows then that the choice of study of social representations and analysis techniques used were appropriated, since it allowed to identify the main components of the social representation of HIV / AIDS, comparing the representational differences in the two groups of adolescents studied. These results serve to critical reflection of health professionals, both in contribution to rethink strategies for health education to prevent STD / AIDS, and in attitudes towards adolescents with HIV.