Sobre metamorfoses e transformações: uma perspectiva sociológico-histórica a respeito do liberalismo constitucional atenuado latino-americano

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Mota, Aurea Cristina
• Orientador(a): Cardoso, Adalberto Moreira
• Banca de defesa: Guimarães, Cesar Augusto Coelho , Lynch, Christian Edward Cyril , Martins, Carlos Eduardo Rosa , Avritzer, Leonardo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Sociais::Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Políticos
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: América Latina; Liberalismo; Modernidade; Sociologia Histórica; Pessoa; Estado
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Latin America; Liberalism; Modernity; Historical Sociology; Person; State
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::SOCIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15464

This is a historical sociological thesis about constitutional liberalism in Latin America. The main hypothesis is that the constitutional liberalism of the nineteenth century has been transformed and attenuated in relation to its original matrix. The initial model focused principally on the abstract affirmation of a natural and self-centred individuality of the subjects of rights. This characteristic was more emphasized in the constitutions of the nineteenth century, but it was redefined and re-substantialized during the twentieth and early twenty-first century. That is what we call the transformation of the notion of the person. In this process of attenuation and transformation, it is also possible to observe that the state does not have the same raison d etre that it had during the nineteenth century. In a discontinuous process, during the twentieth century there was an increasing demand for the legitimacy of the states s structures. In Latin America, the two main constitutional processes that allowed us to talk about the attenuation of liberalism are: firstly, the incorporation of collective labour rights in the beginning of the twentieth century and, secondly, in the twentieth and early twenty first century the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples and black-descendents. Against some current views, it is argued in this thesis that those reforms have not questioned the main tenets of modern liberalism. Indeed, modernity, as a social phenomenon constructed by different realities, as argued in this work, since its very beginning has Latin America in its core and playing a central role. In this sense it is not true to say that the region is a passive historical agent or it should be placed in the periphery of an external system. Through a qualitative analysis of all the constitutions proclaimed in five Latin American countries Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico and Panama it is possible to put in historical perspective how liberalism has been attenuated; how a transformation of the notion of the person has taken place; and how the states, in discontinuous ways, have been transformed to become more legitimate.