Sentidos e significados da obesidade mórbida no processo de cuidar: um estudo no Centro de Referência em Obesidade

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Passos, Michelle Delboni dos
• Orientador(a): Gulgelmin, Silvia Angela
• Banca de defesa: Mattos, Rafael da Silva , Carvalho, Maria Cláudia da Veiga Soares , Claro, Lenita Barreto Lorena , Novaes, Joana de Vilhena
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação, Nutrição e Saúde
• Departamento: Centro Biomédico::Instituto de Nutrição
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pesquisa qualitativa; Nutrição - Rio de Janeiro (RJ); Obesidade mórbida - Rio de Janeiro (RJ); Imagem corporal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Obesity morbid; Body image; Qualitative research
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/7227

Obesity is recognized as a multifactorial disease and is inserted between the chronic diseases related to food. It is believed that a diet high in fat and sugar, low in complex carbohydrates and fiber, and a reduction in levels of physical activity, have caused these changes in dietary patterns. However, it can not be treated as having a single and universal aspect as a cause; there are many factors that lead to overweight. Access to food, physical availability, cost, infrastructure and social pressure are among the social and environmental factors that interfere with eating behavior. In addition, biological, genetic, ethnic, gender and age also influence the susceptibility of individuals to obesity. Strategies do not lack for our body becomes apparently appropriate, in the eyes of society. Plastic surgery, numerous restrictive diets, physical activity, use of accessories and cosmetics among others are some of them. A "contradiction" settles in the body's relationship with food in our society. While the provision of a wide variety of foods invites us to over-consumption of processed foods and high in fat and salt, society imposes strict rules to always be with the "appropriate" weight. And in between, are individuals with morbid obesity who, because of social rejection and physical limitations, isolate themselves, become less active, gain more weight, feel more sad and discouraged and end up becoming prisoners in their households. It is with the perspective to understand the experience of morbid obesity according to the perspectives of morbidly obese patients and health care professionals we conducted this study. The study was conducted with users of a municipal treatment center on obesity and health care professionals who worked there. We use participant observation and semi-open individual interviews as tools to achieve the proposed objective. The analysis was the comprehensive type. We think obesity as a network of signs, meanings and experiences that shape body image and satisfaction or not of the person with your body in a society. Even though we acknowledge the diversity of aesthetic types, it seems that there is some pressure to focused the risks of morbid obesity, in addition to the aesthetic appeal and medical health discourse that end up further limit the subject. More than feel forced to fit the slim body model showed the morbidly obese suffer from social rejection and stigma body fat. Some of the interviewed showed that even with the physical limitations were able to adapt and create new ways to improve their quality of life. For health care professionals, more than weight loss, small achievements that improve the quality of life that obese subject were valued. Worrying about health and body, is certainly valid. But hold the aesthetic standards and seek to reach them anyway can be harmful