Efeito da suplementação dietética com óleo de chia (Salvia hispânica L.) sobre as alterações metabólicas e vasculares decorrentes da obesidade

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Faria, Thaís da Fonte
• Orientador(a): Silva, Simone Vargas da
• Banca de defesa: Resende, Angela de Castro , Trevenzoli, Isis Hara , Porto, Tatiana El-bacha
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências
• Departamento: Centro Biomédico::Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Obesidade; Ácidos graxos w-3; Tecido adiposo perivascular; Doenças cardiovasculares; Ácidos graxos Ômega-3; Tecido adiposo; Sistema cardiovascular Doenças
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Obesity; Fatty acids w-3; Perivascular adipose tissue; Cardiovascular diseases
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA::FARMACOLOGIA BIOQUIMICA E MOLECULAR
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/16125

The abnormal fat accumulation during obesity leads to expansion and inflammation of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, Several studies have demonstrated that nutritional quality of diet is associated with obesity and related metabolic diseases, but biological mechanisms supporting these associations remain unknown. Recently, we have shown that dietary supplementation with chia seed oil (<i>Salvia hispânica</i> L.), the richest source of ω-3 fatty acids, α-linolenic acid, improves insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle and induces remodeling of adipose tissue during obesity. Here, we evaluated the impact of dietary chia oil supplementation on the metabolic and vascular response of PVAT from obese mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups. First, mice were fed with a normal chow diet (C group) or a high-fat diet (45% Kcal from fat, H group). After 10 weeks, the groups were subdivided in a normal chow diet supplemented with Chia oil (1.5% m/m CC group) and a high-fat diet supplemented with Chia oil (HC group) for 6 weeks. The supplementation with chia oil reduced the body fat mass, increased the lean body mass, reduced the blood levels of glucose, leptin, and insulin and improved the insulin and glucose tolerance. Blood pressure assessment by the noninvasive method of caudal plethysmography did not detect significant differences in pressure levels between the groups. Chia oil supplementation restored the vasodilator response to acetilcholine and decreased the vasoconstrictor response to noradrenaline in mesenteric vascular bed from obese animals. The supplementation with chia oil also reduced adipocytes diameter in the mesenteric PVAT of obese animals and reduced the secreted levels of leptin, IL-1β and iNOS protein expression. On the other hand, the chia oil supplementation increased the production of IL-10 and GPR120 gene expression in the mesenteric PVAT of obese animals. We concluded that dietary supplementation with chia oil promotes beneficial effects on obesity-induced vascular changes with anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic and vasorelaxation properties those contribute to its therapeutic potential.