Proposição de um índice de sustentabilidade ambiental para cidade de Fortaleza/CE a partir de indicadores socioeconômicos e ambientais

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, José Fábio de
• Orientador(a): Aquino, Marisete Dantas de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Saneamento; Sustentabilidade; Indicadores ambientais; Basic sanitation; Sustainability; Indicators
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/30467

Because of the growing appeal of modern society for adopting sustainable practices, there is a need for methods to guide and measure how sustainable is the development of an activity, a city or a country. It is necessary to create means that lead to the adoption of measures less harmful to the environment, whether operational or managerial. With the accelerated growth of urban centers, where daily housing and infrastructure equipment is built, it is undeniable that the balance between society and the environment is constantly changing. A significant part of these advances occurs in a disorderly way and in inappropriate and deprived areas of infrastructure, which contributes sharply to the deterioration of the environment and its ecosystems. With this, it is essential the intervention of public management, aiming to implement measures, in order to improve both the living conditions of society and the environmental quality that surrounds it. Identifying the points to be modified, however, is not a simple task, given the complexity of the environment / society interactions. In this perspective, this essay proposes the creation of a Sustainability Index (IS), in order to measure this level in the city of Fortaleza. For this purpose, the selection and analysis of socioeconomic and environmental indicators that portrayed the urban conditions were carried out. A methodology was developed to measure and rank the level of sustainability of the neighborhoods of Fortaleza. As a result, it has been observed that the suburban units - the majority are the less sustainable, since they have the worst rates of service of basic services and infrastructure, consequently, lower quality of life. In addition, it showed the fact that the region considered to be noble of the city, neighborhoods adjacent to the historic center, are the ones with the best index of sustainability. This is a result of the best infrastructure, thus, the highest quality of life. It is also verified that the lower IS neighborhoods are the ones most affected by urban problems and have higher rates of susceptibility to endemics. It was verified that 35 of the 119 neighborhoods of Fortaleza has a low or very low IS. Applying, however, the same methodology in the municipal scope, the Sustainability Index obtained was 0.795, a value considered high in the analysis, demonstrating that the city is in the direction of sustainable development.