Caracterização de pacientes infectados com HIV-1, em tratamento, com ou sem resistência aos antirretrovirais, no Ceará, no período de 2011 a 2013

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Joselito Marques do
• Orientador(a): Sousa, Anastácio de Queiroz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; HIV; Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/28647

Aids is a stigmatizing chronic disease with no cure. Despite there is no effective vaccine, progresses in antiretroviral therapy have improved life quality of people with HIV, decreasing morbidity and mortality. The high variability of HIV, triggers virological failures that jeopardize all medical treatment action, and the fast emergence of mutation enables the resistance to antiviral, and favors the development of opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to characterize patients with HIV-1 who are under treatment in a reference hospital of infectious diseases who`s HIV has showed or not resistance to antiretroviral drugs in the term 2011 to 2013 in Ceará. This is a transversal and retrospective study, including 250 resistant patients, and 67 non-resistant patients treated in HIV/AIDS clinic between August 2014 and December 2015. Data was compiled from survey genotyping, medical records and interview, with statistical descriptive data analysis, with Shapiro – Wilk test, Student, Fisher and Chi-square with value p< 0.05. The population with virus resistant to antiretroviral drugs showed a predominance of males (62%), mean age 43.6 years, single (70%), low level of education (54%) and income (68.6%), resident in Fortaleza (75.2%), self-employed (48%) and Catholic (89.2%). In the clinical aspect, it was found the time of serology and use of HAART in the range of 12 to 17 years (42 %), with medication changes from 1 to 3 times and therapeutic failures due to lack of adhesion (33.2%), with opportunistic infection due to tuberculosis (18.8%) and those ones with prolonged use of HAART had dyslipidemia (33.2%). At the time of genotyping survey, most of them was symptomatic with several hospitalization. In the immunology aspect, low CD4+ TL (84.4%), and high viral load (76%). The significant mutations that happened for theNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)were 184V, for the Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) were 103N and for the Protease inhibitors (PIs) were 63P and 36I. The drugs that lost activity were Lamivudine, Efavirenz e Indinavir associated with Ritonavir. In the population with non-resistant virus, the prevalent gender was female, aged between 18 and 28 years with higher levels of education and income, and HAART use time between 0 and 5 years, and high level of CD4+TL with low viral load. It was found that people without the virus resistant to antiretroviral drugs has improved quality of life compared to the population with resistant virus.