Seleção de clones de aceroleira, repetibilidade, correlações e uso de técnicas multivariadas entre caracteres agronômicos e de pós-colheita.

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Cunha Neto, Jonas
• Orientador(a): Bertini, Cândida Hermínia Campos de Magalhães
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Seleção de clones; Aceroleira; Melhoramento genético; Agronomia
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8519

Given the demand for varieties or clones of acerola above Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry developed in the years 1996 to 2007, the program of genetic improvement of aceroleira in order to recommend clones productive, with fruits of excellent quality, but also to avoid genetic homogeneity of commercial plantations. Having this goal in 1996, dies 100 plants were selected by mass selection in an orchard of fruit company of Ceara S/A (FRUCESA). From these matrices was initiated the program to improve the aceroleira at Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, which was divided into breeding stock and clonal, resulting in 2003 in the launch of four clones recommended for the State of Ceará, the following: BRS 235 (Apodi) , BRS 236 (Cereja), BRS 237 (Roxinha) and BRS 238 (Frutacor). Another result of this study was to obtain 25 clones of aceroleira in progenies of the second round of selection, which were installed in the experimental field of Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry in December 2002 for evaluation during the period of five years, followed by selection the three best clones based on their agronomic and post-harvest. The experiment was installed in the Experimental Field of Paraipaba (CE), under a randomized block design with 25 treatments, three replications and three plants per plot, spaced 4 m x 4 m. From the assessments it was estimated the variability of the clones, as well as the coefficient of repeatability and correlation of the characteristics evaluated. The selection was made after the construction of selection index of Mulamba & Mock, aided by the method of principal components. It was observed that the 25 clones have reduced genetic variability for agronomic traits. The selection of clones, based only on morphological characteristics and production can now present satisfactory results from the second year of evaluation, it was highlighted for clones 79 / 2 (7), 79/10 (9) and 87 / 11 (7) with potential for use in a commercial. It was observed that the method of principal components based on a correlation matrix is presented as the most efficient for the estimation of the coefficient of repeatability. Estimates of the coefficients of repeatability of AP characteristics, DC, weight, TSS and vitamin C, show high regularity in the superiority of individuals from one year to another, and that 5-10 assessments are sufficient to predict the actual level of individuals with certainty of 95%. Based on the correlation coefficients between the characters it follows that the selection of fruits with higher content of vitamin C can be carried out indirectly. From the selection index of Mulamba & Mock was recommended the selection of genotypes 87/11 (7), 79/10 (9) and 91 / 8 (2) by presenting a number of favorable attributes, with potential to be evaluated in large-scale experiments in different regions of the state of Ceará.