Produção de etanol a partir da fermentação de glicerol bruto usando klebsiella pneumoniae

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Jocélia de Sousa
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Andrea Lopes de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia química; Biodegradação ambiental; Glicerol; Resíduos industriais
• Link de acesso: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15770

Due to shortage of energy sources and increasing environmental pollution, many universities and companies are in search to renewable energy. Ethanol can be a renewable biofuel in the short term. Besides the numerous advantages of ethanol over fossil fuels, it can be produced from industrial waste. In this work, it was used glycerol as carbon source in order to give value to this waste. Glycerol can be a good carbon source for fermentation, it has a high degree of reduction and a low cost. There is a large supply of glycerol in the world market, because it is a byproduct of the transterification reaction of vegetable oils, 10 kg biodiesel produced have 1 kg of glycerol. It is known that the production of biodiesel is in constant growth which results in the growth of the production of glycerol. To produce ethanol using glycerol was carried out a study of two microorganisms. The microorganisms studied were a bacterium and a yeast, Saccharomyces sp.1201 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 29,665 respectively. For this study, it was used different concentrations of inoculum for the runs using Saccharomyces sp.1201 and different concentrations of glycerol for the runs using Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 29,665. The results obtained with yeast have not been satisfactory, this yeast was not able to produce ethanol using glycerol as substrate, however, the bacteria studied presented good production of ethanol and was able to metabolize fermentation media with glycerol, up to produce about 1, 4 g / L of ethanol, also obtained as the reaction product of 1.3-propanediol and acetic acid. We also carried out a simulation of fermentation using Klebsiella pneumonia, and analyzed the behavior of the fermentation process based on the following changes of glycerol concentration, inoculum concentration, bypass and the dead zone inside the reactor. With the simulations it was possible to see how the dead zone and very influential on the reactor performance.