Avaliação da resistência a antibióticos em isolados de Escherichia coli provenientes de esgoto hospitalar e sanitário

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Depizzol, Fernanda
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Engenharia Ambiental; Centro Tecnológico; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental
• Palavras-chave em Português: Esgotos; Hospitais - Eliminação de resíduos; Hospitais - Aspectos sanitários; Escherichia coli; Desinfecção e desinfetantes; Antibióticos; Engenharia Sanitária; 628
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10284

The presence of pharmaceuticals compounds in wastewater, among them the antibiotics, has been white of questionings and research in the areas of public and ambient health, which had, mainly, to the potential development of resistant bacteria and its persistence in the environment. This work had the objective of isolate bacteria, from sanitary and hospital sewages, verifying the level of the resistance of isolated specified antibiotics. The sanitary raw wastewater presented average characteristics of 97mg/L (TSS), 368mg/L (CODt) and 220mg/L (BOD5). Whereas the hospital raw sewage (EBH-1 e EBH-2) presented average characteristics of 367mg/L (TSS), 798mg/L (CODt), 270mg/L (BOD5) and 113mg/L (TSS), 320mg/L (CODt) and 172mg/L (BOD5) respectively. The pH of the hospital and sanitary wastewater during the period of study remained next to the neutral pH. In relation to total coliforms and E. coli, the raw and treated hospital sewage had an average of 107NMP/100mL and 106NMP/100mL, respectively. The maximal polyresistance found in the ETE-UFES for a strain was to 6 antibiotics (EBS and UASB) and to 7 antibiotics (Efinal). For the hospital wastewater this value was of 9, 8, 11 and 7 antibiotics, respectively for the EBH -1, SF-1, EBH - 2 and SF-2. Whereas in the TD it was observed multiple-resistance the 12 antibiotics. For the antibiotic, PEN, was observed resistance in 100% of the isolated bacteria. It was verified that the number of resistant strains of the samples of the hospital wastewater was significantly bigger when compared with the samples of the sanitary wastewater. In system ETE-UFES was observed a significant increase, in the final effluent, of strains E. coli resistant to antibiotics ERI and SUT, when compared with strain of the raw sewage, whereas in the STSFA-1, had a significant reduction of resistant E. coli to antibiotics NEO and AMI in the final effluent. However in the STSFA-2, was verified a significant reduction of strains E. coli resistant to antibiotics: TET, CIP and NALI. The resistant bacteria to those antibiotics when submitted to disinfection with ultraviolet light were more resistant when they had been compared with the sensible bacteria, however, must be taken in consideration the small check number analyzed in this study. Therefore, these bacteria that present characteristic profiles of resistance to the antibiotics could represent a serious ambient risk for the reason that these strains of coliforms bacteria can spread the resistance for other bacteria, also those already pathogenic.