Aspectos fisiológicos em Mangifera indica L. produzidas com rejeitos de mineração e tratadas com fertilizante organomineral

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Silva Junior, Romario de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Silva, Diolina Moura
• Banca de defesa: Araujo, Wagner Luiz , Cavatte, Paulo Cezar
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pós-estresse; Recuperação fisiológica; Desempenho fotoquímico; Post-stress; Physiological recovery; Photochemical performance
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Agronomia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/14461

This work aimed to evaluate the physiological performance, in the field, of two cultivars of Mangifera indica L. (‘Palmer’ and ‘Rosa’) produced on substrates containing 0%, 20% and 50% of mining tailings. During field cultivation, no longer under the direct influence of mining waste, the plants were subjected to two organomineral fertilization treatments, dividing the crop into unfertilized and fertilized plants. The physiological responses were obtained in different experimental periods: 30, 150 and 300 days from the beginning of fertilization (DAF). The levels of leaf pigments, the kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence, the levels of non-structural carbohydrates and the activity of enzymes in the anti-oxidant system were analyzed. The results showed that the production of seedlings with mining tailings did not change the concentration of chlorophylls and carotenoids, but direct relationships were found with organomineral fertilization. On the other hand, chlorophyll a fluorescence analyzes at 30DAF showed lower photochemical performance in both cultivars that had a higher concentration of tailings in the substrate, during the seedling phase. The OJIP curves and the JIP test showed damage linked to photosystem II. There was less performance of photosystem II (PIABS) due to the drop in electron flow and electron transport performance (ΨE0 and φE0). In plants fertilized with the organomineral product, the best photochemical performance was clear. There was greater absorption and energy capture (ABS / RC and TR0 / RC), greater efficiency and efficiency in electron transport (ΨE0 and φE0) and in the performance index that represents electron transport to the final FSI acceptors (PITOTAL). At 150 and 300 DAF, the OJIP curves and the JIP test showed a different picture than what was observed at 30 DAF. The plants of the cultivars Palmer and Rosa showed a photochemical 'stability', however the fertilized plants showed recovery in less time. The results obtained by the analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence also allowed to observe a better photochemical performance in cv. Rosa. There was no difference in the levels of non-structural carbohydrates in both cultivars or in the different treatments. Similar to the results obtained in the fluorescence kinetics of chlorophyll a, at 30 DAF the enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and gauiacol peroxidase had greater activity while at 150 and 300 DAF these enzymes had less activity. Finally, it is concluded that organomineral fertilization, in fact, promoted greater physiological recovery in less time, in addition to promoting better physiological performance for mango plants