A migração para o Bairro Planalto, no Município de Linhares, impulsionada por fatores econômicos e redes migratórias

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira Neto, Claudeci
• Orientador(a): Castiglioni, Aurélia Hermínia
• Banca de defesa: Brasil, Gutemberg Hespanha , Dota, Ednelson Mariano , Villaschi Filho, Arlindo , Colbari, Antonia de Lourdes
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Doutorado em Geografia
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sudene; Invest-ES; Incentivos fiscais
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Geografia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/14314

The Migrants residents of Planalto neighborhood had as main motivators of the migration act the repulsive factors of the regions of origin, the attracting factors of the municipality of Linhares, provided by its economic growth, and the additional impetus promoted by the migratory networks. The economic activities in the municipality have also been fostered in recent years by the tax benefits of Invest-ES and financial and fiscal incentives of the SUDENE. Part of the territory of the state in Espírito Santo was included in Sudene in 1998, after a political articulation effort in the House of Representatives and the Federal Senate for the approval of the amendment of Representative Rita Camata. The fieldwork in the Planalto neighborhood consisted in registering all households and then applying the questionnaire to a sample of 350 residents aged 16 and over, based on a random sample, which collected data on general characteristics of migrants, migratory networks, the motivations reasoning the migration, among others. The Data tabulation and treatment in the SPSS statistical program revealed that 67.4% were migrants. From the total of migrants, 50.4% came from other municipalities in the state of Espírito Santo and 22.9% were from Bahia. Of the total residents 41.0% were from other places. Of this group, 58.8% were from other states and 41.2% from other municipalities of Espírito Santo. Moreover, 40.7% of the natural children of Linhares were from non-natural women, demonstrating the importance of the indirect effect of migration. Among the motivations, 47.5% of the migrants pointed out unemployment, lack of job opportunities, the search for opportunities, life improvement and the search for better financial conditions, as economic factors repelling the places of origin, and 25.2% cited the best labor market, quality and opportunities of Linhares as attracting factors corroborating the pacified theory that most people migrate for economic reasons, especially driven by regional The main schools of economic thought (classical and neoclassical, Marxist and Keynesian) have influenced migration studies, especially the workers’ mobility. The survey also revealed that migration networks influenced the decision to migrate and the direction of the flow to Linhares: 41.9% of migrants were encouraged by people living in the municipality, especially relatives; 39.8% of them were assisted upon arrival in Linhares, and the most cited form of help was staying at the people’s houses (32.6% of responses), which denotes the strength of social ties. Migration networks boost the phenomenon through the connections between origin and destination and provide the migrant with financial, emotional, affective support and help to enter the job market. Given the low Education level of migrants, no deeper elements were observed influencing the “liquid modernity" on migration, which would require more specific research.