Dimensões de poder na governança policêntrica de desastres : atores, dinâmicas e resultados

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Nara Lima Mascarenhas
• Orientador(a): Carlos, Euzeneia
• Banca de defesa: Marques, Marcelo de Souza , Torres, Pedro Henrique Campello , Puga, Bruno Peregrina , Silva, Marta Zorzal e
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Doutorado em Ciências Sociais
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Poder; Desastres ambientais; Governança policêntrica; Rompimento de barragem de rejeitos; Bacia do rio Doce; Power; Environmental disasters; Polycentric governance; Tailings dam failure
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Sociologia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/20690

This thesis examines the influence of power dynamics on the structure and functioning of polycentric disaster governance, as well as their effects on the principles of equity and accountability, which are central to the Loss and Damage (L&D) perspective. Grounded in polycentric governance theory, it proposes an Integrated Model for Disaster Governance Analysis (MIAGD), applied to the institutional arrangement established to address the disaster caused by the collapse of the Fundão dam in Mariana, Minas Gerais (MG), in 2015, which affected the Doce River Basin. The MIAGD articulates five analytical dimensions: 1) the nature and scope of the disaster; 2) the fundamental attributes of polycentric governance; 3) the three-dimensional typology of power; 4) the enabling conditions of polycentric governance (institutional diversity, comprehensive rule system, interaction among decision-making centers, accountability mechanisms, and mechanisms for cooperation and conflict resolution); and 5) the Loss and Damage principles of equity and accountability. The research adopted a qualitative approach based on process tracing. The temporal scope of the analysis covers three distinct phases of governance between 2015 and 2022.The research found that the dynamics among structured power, pragmatic power (or practical authority), and framing power shaped the disaster governance process in the Rio Doce Basin. The mobilization of practical authority and framing power influenced the governance structure through attempts to adjust the centralized design established by the TTAC. However, such changes proved insufficient to ensure the functionality and adaptability of the enabling conditions for polycentric governance, as the concentration of power combined with the high participation costs set forth in the TAC-Governança, prevented these adjustments from producing effective outcomes. Furthermore, the intense judicialization resulting from the Renova Foundation’s repeated noncompliance with the agreements made the governance system increasingly monocentric, ultimately leading it to collapse. In this sense, the enabling conditions of polycentric governance, although formally present in the institutional design, proved to be maladaptive and dysfunctional, undermining equity and accountability in the context of Loss and Damage. Nearly a decade after the disaster, the governance system has come to an end without ensuring compensation and reparation for the affected populations.Therefore, the study concludes that disaster governance in the Doce River Basin reveals the limits of polycentric governance in contexts where monocentric and polycentric logics coexist.