Identificação molecular e análise filogenética de amostras de Cannabis apreendidas pela Polícia Civil do Estado do Espírito Santo

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Fernando Colnago
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Biotecnologia; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: STR markers; Forensic application; Drug trafficking; Cannabis; Marcadores STR; Aplicação forense; Cânhamo; Toxicologia forense; Tráfico de drogas; Biotecnologia; 61
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/4507

Popularly known as marijuana, Cannabis sativa is the most used of all illicit drugs and, with other drugs, its trade is one of the criminal activities that most consume public resources and is closely related to homicides. In the Espírito Santo State (ES), 70% of homicides is related to drug trafficking, currently presenting the second highest rate in the country. Despite the police action, there is no detailed studies of planting, distribution and Cannabis consumption in Brazil, in general, we only know that most drug is produced in Paraguay or grown within the country and it is believed that Paraguay is responsible for supplying the Brazil’s south, southeast and centerwest region. Genetic analysis of Cannabis seized by the police can assist in determining, geographically, plantations and possible routes of trafficking, essential information for police’s action in drug trafficking combat. In order to characterize the Cannabis samples seized by the police at ES and verify correlations that could indicate common origins, we analyzed 18 STR loci in 165 samples from 71 of 78 municipalities in the State. We have found 89 alleles ranging from 2 (A501 loci and 9269) to 12 alleles (A301 locus). The loci H06 and A305 presented each, 3 alleles and the locus B05, 4 alleles, similar to that found in Paraguayan samples. The allelic data of loci A305, B05 and H06 suggest that Brazil 's southeast region can be being supplied by Paraguayan Cannabis. We also found four alleles that appeared only in samples 176 and 230. Sample 230 was seized in Aracruz city, where the police found owner's connection with international trafficking, and demonstrated to be genetically nearest to German samples, suggesting a foreign origin what could be explained by internet trafficking. The obtained results provide more information about marijuana’s market in Brazil and could be used in future studies to develop a STR database for forensic application.