Atividade inseticida de fungos entomopatogênicos e do alcaloide matrine em larvas de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae)

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Marcos Daniel Filgueiras
• Orientador(a): Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp
• Banca de defesa: Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp, Mascarin, Gabriel Moura, Bernardo, Cíntia das Chagas
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Publica (IPTSP)
• Departamento: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Musca domestica; Fungos entomopatogênicos; Alcaloide vegetal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Entomopathogenic fungi; Alkaloid
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7730

The current study investigated the virulence of Metarhizium spp., Beauveria bassiana and Isaria javanica against Musca domestica larva; it also compared the virulence of different propagules, and evaluated the efficacy of matrine, a plant alkaloid, and the association of matrine and entomopathogenic fungi against larvae of Musca domestica. In addition, the study reports the conidial viability and radial growth of different fungal isolates in culture medium supplemented or not with matrine. Conidia produced on BDAL medium were suspended in Tween 80 0.01% and adjusted to 1 × 108 conidia / mL, and spread on filter paper for indirect treatment of third-instar larvae of M. domestica. The efficacy of treatment ranged from 77,44% (IP 119) to 87,35% (IP 146) among Metarhizium spp. isolates. The efficacy of treatment ranged from 39,37% (ARSEF 9588) to 70,60% (IP 361) among the isolates of B.bassiana; variations between 26,75% (CG 1316) and 53,28% (CG 1283) was reported in groups treated with isolates of I. javanica. Conidia and blastospores of fungi were produced on Adamek medium, and suspensions were prepared and adjusted to 1 × 108 propagules/mL. Aliquots were used in indirect treatments by spreading the suspension to sterile filter paper or to comminuted ration to evaluate virulence in third or second instar larvae, respectively. Only the treatment with IP 146 blastospores in ration was effective against M. domestica larva. Larvae were immersed on matrine solutions (direct treatment) or exposed to sterile-filter paper treated with matrine (indirect treatment) in different concentrations (1, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL). Ten larvae were assayed in each treatment and control group. Matrine concentrations higher than 1 mg/mL were effective against M. domestica larva in both treatments. Germination of conidia of Metarhizium spp., B. bassiana and I. javanica isolates was assessed at 24 and 48 honto BDAL medium plus chloramphenicol and benomyl, supplemented or not (control) with matrine. All isolates had germination around 100%, in both incubation times evaluated. In addition, the radial growth of isolates was evaluated on BDAL medium supplemented or not (control) with matrine. The isolates of Metarhizium spp. and B. bassiana, with the exception of CG 138, had a reduced radial growth on medium containing matrine. Isolates of I. javanica did not reduce their growth when exposed to matrine. The association of entomopathogenic fungi [IP 119 (Metarhizium anisopliae s.s.), CG 307 (Beauveria bassiana) or CG 1285 (Isaria javanica)] with matrine (1; 0,5; 0,1; 0,05; 0,01 mg/mL), was investigated against larva of M. domestica in indirect tests on sterile filter paper. The association of fungal conidia and matrine was more efficient against M. domestica larva than conidia, and the association was more efficient than matrine alone. All experiments were incubated at 27 ± 1 oC and RH ≥ 80%. In conclusion, Metarhizium sp. is indicated as a promising microbial agent to control larva of M. domestica; also, IP 146 blastospores applied to ration were effective in the control of second instar larvae. In addition, the alkaloid matrine was effective to control M. domestica larva; it did not affect the viability of the conidia of the fungi investigated in this study, but it slowed down the growth of most of the Metarhizium and Beauveria isolates tested. Radial growth of isolates of Isaria sp. was not affected by supplementation of medium with matrine. No increased efficiency against M. domestica larva was detected when fungi was associated with matrine.