Estrutura do habitat influencia a tolerância climática e frequênc ia dominante do canto de anúncio do gênero Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae)?

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Deusivan Martins de
• Orientador(a): Maciel, Natan Medeiros
• Banca de defesa: Maciel, Natan Medeiros, Nomura, Fausto, Jardim, Lucas Lacerda Caldas Zanini
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução (ICB)
• Departamento: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Sapos; Adaptação; Nicho climático; Canto de anuncio; Tamanho corporal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Toads; Climatic niche; Advertisement call; Body size; Adaptation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9975

The biological evolution occurs over time with the selection of the attributes that most favor the species, and can be influenced, for example, by the structural characteristics of the habitat. These structures affect local climatic conditions, as well as acoustic signals used by organisms such as frogs. Moreover, body size also influences the association between habitat structure and climatic conditions and sound signals. Thus, this study evaluated how climate tolerance and the dominant frequency of the advertisement call are affected by the habitat in the genus Rhinella, which presents species of toads exclusive to open and forested areas. The prediction was that in open areas there would be a pattern of species with smaller body sizes, with greater climatic tolerance and dominant frequency when compared to the species of forested areas. Habitat type, dominant frequency and body size data were obtained from published studies, while the climate tolerance was generated by the OMI (Outlying Mean Index). The inferences were made using a pathphylogenetic analysis evaluating the direct effect of habitat and the association of body size on climate tolerance and dominant frequency. The climatic tolerance among Rhinella species was independent of phylogenetic relationships (λ = 0) and habitat (R² = 0.08, P = 0.28). The dominant frequency of advertisement call is associated with habitat (R² = 0.19, P = 0.04), which indirectly together with body size account for 18% of the acoustic parameter variation in the habitat. Thus, the size of the body and the dominant frequency in the genus Rhinella are attributes that vary in association with their habitats.